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  1. 1 Rocznik Grudziądzki

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  1. 1 Grabowski W.

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  1. 1 2017

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Fortyfikacje niemieckie Twierdzy Grudziądz i północnej części Pomorza Nadwiślańskiego z lat 1944–1945

100%
Grabowski W.
Rocznik Grudziądzki
|
2017
|
vol. 25
197-224
EN
In terms of its defensive system, Grudziądz is a unique city. Its constructions virtually show the full spectrum of the development of the art of fortification, quite accurately described in the scientific literature. The final undertaking in the process of fortification of the city was the establishment of the Grudziądz Fortress (Festung Grandenz) and implementation of new defensive elements in 1944 and early 1945 in anticipation of the Soviet offensive. Apart from Grudziądz, also other defensive complexes were established in Pomerelia. This topic has been scarcely presented by the historiography. Only a comprehensive assessment of these fortifications can contribute to explanation of the strategic defence plans of the German staff officers (headquarters?). The German implementation plans and the executive inventories of various elements of the defence lines and their workforce, disclosed by American archives, allowed for a comprehensive elaboration of the topic. The article presents the basic elements of the German defence lines at the end of the war, the lines of fortification in Pomerelia, aims of organization of construction works, implementation tables for entrenchments, anti-tank barriers, concrete shelters, and the workforce’s quantitative structure. The article is supplemented by the recorded memories of workers employed in digging trenches, concerning especially the labour camp in Stary Folwark (Alt Vorwerk), the main of such places in the Grudziądz area.
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