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PL
Jolanta Szablicka-Żak, Szkolnictwo i oświata w pracach Sejmu Ustawodawczego II Rzeczypospolitej, Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 1997, ss. 200
EN
A new form of government of the Polish state was combined with its rather intensive influence on the character of the educational system, including general secondary schools. That time is distinguished by numerous controversies, which then appeared in various social circles, political parties, and referred to the constitutional and organizational structure as well as the program structure of this school level. In the first years the controversies were more of an evolutionary concepts for the Polish route to socialism were still possible. After 1948 there was no more room for discussion; the decisions about this sphere were also made by one group – the people related to the communist party (Pol. abbr. PZPR). Already right after the cessation of war activities, the tendencies leading to the centralization of education management were noticeable, and consequently, ever more intense influence of the government of the working classes (lub the people’s government) on the functioning of schools, but, above all, on the teaching content. The process of centralization was linked with the so-called democratization process of school i.e., the question, of which the ruling communists made their priority. A consequence of democratization of the general secondary school and rendering it a tool for the manufacture of future citizens – devoted to and subjected to the government of the working classes – was the aspiration for closing private general secondary school, and also the expulsion of religion from school. Such changes, falsely justified by the necessity to observe the principle of freedom of conscience and confession, led to the secularization of the school system. The discussed expulsion of the Church from schools, and at the same time from the sphere of educating a young generation, was supposed to serve the formation of a new socialist society in the future.
PL
Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowo-Metodyczna pt.: „Między tradycją a współczesnością. W stronę aktywizujących metod nauczania historii wychowania” Gdańsk 1-2 grudnia 2008 r.
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Recepcja idei korczakowskich

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EN
Janusz Korczak (the pen name of Henryk Goldszmit), writer, doctor, but above all one the best tutors and teachers. Korczak fought for improvement of children’s lives. By his life and convictions he tried to prove that a child is a complete human being, not only a person in the making. Struggling for human dignity of a child, he concentrated his efforts on three areas: dignity of children, the rights of children and their place in a society. We can learn his stance on the situation of children, in the context of the European Children’s Rights Movement at the beginning of the 20th century, when he says: „wzywam o magna charta libertatis, o prawa dziecka” – (“I call for Magna Charta Libertatis, for children’s rights”). The voice of Janusz Korczak in his famous pedagogical essay “Jak kochać dziecko” – (“How to Love a Child”) has retained its significance to the present day. Fighting for children’s rights, the “Old Doctor” (his second pseudonym) concentrated on the position of children in the adults’ world and their mutual relationships. That is why the analysis of the main spheres of activity of the adults and children (family, school, society) is so important today, and consequently, finding the answer to the questions: To what extent are the Korczak’s objectives in the abovementioned spheres realized today? How children’s rights are respected?
PL
Tadeusz Jan Łopuszański i dzieło jego życia, red. Z. T. Wierzbicki i in. Warszawa 1995, Fundacja im. Tadeusza Łopuszańskiego, ss. 101
PL
Rola szkolnictwa łódzkiego w tworzeniu dziedzictwa kulturowego Łodzi w XX wieku. Tradycje i współczesność łódzkich szkół średnich, red. Tadeusz Jałmużna, Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe, Łódź 2003, ss. 353
PL
Sprawozdanie z Konferencji Naukowej w Augustowie (26-27.05.2003)
PL
Katarzyna Barbara Kochan, Edukacja elementarna i elementarze porozbiorowe w II Rzeczypospolitej, Kraków 2009, ss. 96.
EN
Social and educational output of the Sokolnickie sisters: Mary, Lucy and Zofia
PL
Społeczno-edukacyjna działalność sióstr Marii, Lucyny i Zofii Sokolnickich
EN
A new form of government of the Polish state was combined with its rather intensive influence on the character of the educational system, including general secondary schools. That time is distinguished by numerous controversies, which then appeared in various social circles, political parties, and referred to the constitutional and organizational structure as well as the program structure of this school level. In the first years the controversies were more of an evolutionary character, as at that time discussion and exchange of opinions concerning differing standpoints and concepts for the Polish route to socialism were still possible. After 1948 there was no more room for discussion; the decisions about this sphere were also made by one group - the people related to the communist party (Pol. abbr. PZPR). Already right after the cessation of war activities, the tendencies leading to the centralization of education management were noticeable, and consequently, ever more intense influence of the government o f the working classes (lub the people’s government) on the functioning of schools, but, above all, on the teaching content. The process of centralization was linked with the so-called democratization process of school i.e., the question, of which the ruling communists made their priority.A consequence of democratization of the general secondary school and rendering it a tool for the manufacture of future citizens - devoted to and subjected to the government of the working classes - was the aspiration for closing private general secondary schools, and also the expulsion of religion from school. Such changes, falsely justified by the necessity to observe the principle of freedom of conscience and confession, led to the secularization of the school system. The discussed expulsion of the Church from schools, and at the same time from the sphere of educating a young generation, was supposed to serve the formation of a new socialist society in the future.
PL
Jadwiga Suchmiel, Działalność naukowa kobiet w Uniwersytecie we Lwowie do roku 1939, Częstochowa 2000, Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Częstochowie, ss. 369
PL
Rola i miejsce kobiet w edukacji i kulturze polskiej - konferencja naukowa Zajączkowo 20-22 października 1997 r.
20
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PL
Stanisław Kot - uczony i polityk
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