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PL
W związku z problematyką kontroli i jej braku grze przygodowej The Walking Dead rozważam elementy gry, na które gracz ma rzeczywisty wpływ, a które stawiają przed nim aporie. Zagadnienie ingerencji gracza rodzi bowiem kwestię niebagatelną: skoro jego wpływ jest ograniczony, w jaki sposób zaznacza on swoją obecność w nieliniowej grze wideo? Czy kreuje swojego bohatera wraz z intencją twórców, czy może robi to kompletnie indywidualnie? Jakimi narzędziami dysponuje przy oddziaływaniu na scenariusz gry? Odpowiedzi na te pytania szukam przechodząc grę przy konsekwentnym wyborze wypowiedzi milczących, dążąc do najbardziej „neutralnego” wyjścia ze stawianych przez twórców sytuacji.
EN
In connection with the issue of control and its lack in The Walking Dead adventure game, I would like to consider elements of the game on which the player has a real impact, and that place difficulties in front of him. The question of player interference brings forth a substantial issue: if his influence is limited, then how does he mark his presence in a non-linear video game? Does he create his character according to the developer’s intentions, or is it a matter of his own individuality? Which tools does the player use when shaping the game’s scenario? I will seek answers to such questions by playing the game with the constant choice of “silent” dialogue lines, striving for the most “neutral” solution to the game’s tasks.
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2018
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vol. 63
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issue 5 (382)
42-56
EN
NIK evaluated how the Minister of Environment performed the tasks related to granting concessions for searching and identification of copper and carbohydrates deposits, including shale gas. Copper is commonly used in all economy branches (e.g. infrastructure, transport, construction, machinery, medicine). While searching and obtaining crude oil and natural gas, including gas from unconventional deposits, is of key importance to ensuring the state’s energy safety. The audit was conducted at the Ministry of Environment and it covered the years 2008–2016 with regard to concessions for copper and carbohydrates (oil and natural gas) from conventional deposits, and the years 2013–2016 – with regard to concessions for search and identification of shale gas.
3
63%
PL
Celem opracowania było ukazanie procesu wychowania do wartości jako kategorii pracy. W niniejszej publikacji przedstawiono kilka ujęć kategorii pracy powiązanej z wychowaniem do wartości. Dorośli i dzieci uczestniczący w procesie całożyciowego uczenia się towarzyszą sobie wzajemnie w odkrywaniu i budowaniu świata wartości. Są to działania mające na celu pełny rozwój osoby. Działania wychowawcze spełniają kryteria definicyjne pracy, w szczególności pracy pedagogicznej. Specjalną sytuacją, w której jest realizowane wychowanie do wartości, jest towarzyszenie pedagogiczne. W sytuacji towarzyszenia dorosły i dziecko uczą się i odkrywają wartości pełniej niż w relacji formalnej. Dorosły w pracy z dziećmi uczy się: spontaniczności, szczerości, sprawiedliwości, konsekwencji, prostoty, umiejętności dostrzegania drobiazgów itp. Dziecko uczy się od dorosłego: pracowitości, samodzielności, precyzji, odpowiedzialności, radości z wykonywanej pracy, samodyscypliny, cierpliwości, posłuszeństwa, uważności w słuchaniu, zaufania, współdziałania, pokonywania trudności
EN
The aim of this study was to show the process of education to values as a category of work. This publication presents several views on the category of work associated with upbringing to values. Adults and children participating in the lifelong learning process accompany each other in discovering and building a world of values. These are actions aimed at the full development of the person. Educational activities meet the definition criteria for work, in particular pedagogical work. A special situation in which the upbringing to values is carried out is a pedagogical accompaniment. In an accompanying situation, an adult and a child learn and discover values more fully than in a formal relationship. Adults working with children learn spontaneity, honesty, justice, consistency, simplicity, ability to see things, etc. The child learns from the adult how to be diligent, independent, precise, responsible, engaged, self-disciplined, patient, obedient, attentive, trusting, cooperative, skillful at overcoming difficulties
EN
he paper aims at characterising the situation related to the re-emigration of Poles from Czechoslovakia to the Western and Northern Territories: historical background, personal motivations of the re-emigrants, travel conditions and re-arranging life in the Polish-German border area. However, it is not possible to fully highlight this issue without considering additional contexts, such as the conditions of residence before the war and in particular: the period between 1945 and 1948, from the end of the war to the moment of departure. The authors distinguish several key factors that can be considered as determinants of the integration of re-emigrants from the areas of eastern Slovakia. The decisive issue was the time of arrival and the fact that most farms that were habitable were occupied by settlers who had arrived earlier. What seems particularly interesting, this issue did not affect the decision on the direction of transport of re-emigrants. Even though the National Repatriation Office had knowledge about the fact that there were not enough farms and land in the district (powiat), the re-emigrants were directed to the West. What is more, the Przewóz commune in 1948 was only colonized in 40%, but this probably indicates that these were rather unattractive areas than forgotten ones. Relevant materials for the present study were collected during a query in the Archives of New Files in Warsaw, the most valuable ones coming from the files of the State Repatriation Office in Łódź together with reports of provincial branches in Rzeszów and Wrocław. Thanks also to the resources from the files of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it was possible to obtain the information necessary to outline the broader pre-war context, mainly on the basis of notes of the Polish consular institutions in Košice and Uzhhorod. The archival material was supplemented and confronted with the recollections of the re-emigrants, collected by the authors of the text using the spoken history method.
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