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The author explores the meaning of animal companion figures in popular literature. The article presents a few examples of novels and autobiographical forms which use the companion animal character, like “A Street Cat Named Bob” by James Bowen, “Cleo: How an Uppity Cat Helped Heal a Family” by Helen Brown, “A Dog's Purpose” by W. Bruce Cameron and “The Art of Racing in the Rain” by Garth Stein. Some of the books were filmed, most of them became bestsellers, which raises the question about reasons of their popularity. As scholars claim, popular literature has, among others, a therapeutic function. This corresponds with therapeutic function of companion animals, like dogs and cats. Sociologist Adrian Franklin (1999) claims that companion animals provide us ontological security in modern societies. The article examines the ways of providing different kinds of security by using an animal character.
EN
The article discusses the issue of the unicorn in contemporary culture. Unicorn’s popularity nowadays is puzzling, to explain it author reached into the history of this species, which shows that people’s desire of unicorn were so strong, they tried to construct this animal on their own during medical experiments or forgery. This legendary animal is not a metaphor, at least not only. The issue does not based at the meaning, which was more changeable than some speciefied physical features. The problem is more complicated if we consider the fact, that these physical features characterize animal, which never existed. Author’s thesis present the unicorn as a mem or memplex. The unicorn’s gen does not exist as biological phenomenon, but the concept of this mythical animal survive over 2000 years, what is even more resistant than genetic code, but the mem is susceptible to modifications as well. The text show how the image and meaning of unicorn have changed over the centuries to indicate, which mems were the strongest and survived in popular culture.
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