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A Political Economy of Spinoza’s Ethics: Possession and love

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Jitka R.
Littera Scripta
|
2009
|
vol. 2
107-114
EN
This transformation of one’s possessive desire is the common project of the Ethics and of Spinoza’s political writings. Both ethics and politics, from a Spinozian perspective, train one’s comportment toward possession. In the Ethics, one learns to have and to hold otherwise. The tendency to imagine the beloved as situated within an economy of scarce resources taints love with sadness and subjects the soul, or mind, to violent vacillation (fluctuatio animi) and discomfort, which undermines the freedom and fortitude of the individual. This admittedly abstract account conveys the need to comport oneself toward ”ordinary love, ”or the love of finite individuals, so as to open oneself and one’s beloveds onto increasingly joyful engagements with other natural beings. Envious and avaricious love is conservative and exclusive in a way that harms both the lover and the beloved. This maddening and sickening love aims to possess things as we imagine them in our initial joyful encounters and thereby ironically thwarts the very amplification of power that first provokes our love. The drive to possess things through fixing them and captivating them undermines our own power, and the urge to possess the other must eventually fail. A love that aims, alternatively, at self-possession through joyful and enabling encounters with other beings opens the lover to affect and be affected by ever more beings.
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Spinoza a Leibniz Spinozovy Posmrtné spisy – komentář k poznámkám G. W. Leibnize (1678)

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Jitka R.
Littera Scripta
|
2008
|
vol. 2
109-112
EN
Leibniz’s notes disclose the philosopher in his most sympathetic reading of the Ethica, while the two latest works indicate a thinker more concerned to develop alternative concepts and explanations as a means of avoiding what he conceives as the major pitfalls of the spinozistic world view. While the appearance of these later works in an English translation is no less to be desired, the present translation documents a seminal juncture in the development of Leibniz’s own thought, and a careful, if not always sympathetic, reading of Spinoza’s Ethica.
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Feministická epistemologie a kategorie rodu ve filozofii

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Jitka R.
Littera Scripta
|
2008
|
vol. 1
75-80
EN
Feminist epistemology and philosophy of science studies the ways in which gender does and ought to influence our conceptions of knowledge, the knowing subject, and practices of inquiry and justification. It identifies ways in which dominant conceptions and practices of knowledge attribution, acquisition, and justification systematically disadvantage women and other subordinated groups, and strives to reform these conceptions and practices so that they serve the interests of these groups.
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