This paper discusses the use of corpora in contrastive linguistics and translation studies. It focuses on terminological issues (how they are referred to in different disciplines and linguistic traditions) as well as on their function in specific contrastive or translation research. It introduces an up-todate typology of multilingual corpora, including parallel, comparable and reciprocal corpora and summarizes the pros and cons of these corpora in corpus-based contrastive linguistics and corpusbased translation studies. One section of the paper also explains the differences of the use of the term corpus-based in different disciplines.
It is a well-established fact that corpus design, including its representativeness, has a major influence on any corpus research. The discussions usually cover the selection of text types or genres, or the choice of specific texts, while the issue of translations often remains unnoticed. The objective of this paper is to summarize approaches to translated texts in international corpus linguistics, to introduce the CNC corpus design regarding translations, and to present some examples which demonstrate that texts translated into Czech may differ from original Czech texts and thus affect the research results.
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