Having a home has been cited as a principal good, both in economic and social terms. It plays a key role in human life. Having a home often determines other decisions, such as getting married, starting a family, and changing jobs. Research papers dealing with the question of home ownership or tenancy, as well as various publications issued by the government and non-government organisations, emphasise the problem of a housing deficit. However, the question of the quality of housing resources is raised less often. Living conditions are one of the research areas investigated in studies concerning the quality of life. The purpose of this article is to assess the quality of Poland’s housing resources at the regional level, using data from 2003 and 2016 and aided by Perkal’s synthetic indicator. According to this indicator, the Mazowieckie Voivodeship had the highest value (0.849), and the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship the lowest one (-0.722).
Sustainable development should be viewed in the context of environmental, social and economic order. The objective of the present study has been to evaluate to what extent the development occurring in the Province of Warmia and Mazury (województwo warmińsko-mazurskie) is sustainable in terms of the society and economy. The theoretical, empirical and competence research was conducted in 2003–2014 obtained from the Regional Data Bank. Applying the comparative indicator method, 50 indicators were developed of opposite preference orientation.
PL
Rozwój zrównoważony należy rozpatrywać uwzględniając: ład środowiskowy, społeczny i gospodarczy. Celem badań było określenie stopnia zrównoważenia rozwoju w aspektach społecznym i gospodarczym województwa warmińsko--mazurskiego. Badania teoretyczne, empiryczne i kompetencyjne prowadzono w latach 2003–2014, wykorzystując bazę danych Banku Danych Lokalnych. Stosując wskaźnikową metodę porównawczą, opracowano 50 wskaźników o różnych kierunkach preferencji.
The paper deals with the question of cooperative credit unions, financial institutions which have a long history in the world and in Poland. Cooperative savings and credit unions provide services similar to the ones offered by banks, together with which they constitute the financial system. Unlike banks, however, cooperative credit unions originate from different concepts, including mutuality and solidarity. Likewise, the legal regulations which govern CUs are different. The present survey conducted among members of Stefczyk Credit Union branches in the Province of Warmia and Mazury has shown that the Credit Union is an familiar institution , seen as trustworthy and competitive with banks.
PL
W pracy podjęta została tematyka funkcjonowania spółdzielczych podmiotów finansowych mających na świecie i w Polsce długoletnią historię. Spółdzielcze kasy oszczędnościowo-kredytowe są instytucjami świadczącymi usługi podobne do bankowych, tworząc razem z nimi system finansowy. Idea działalności SKOK-ów jest odmienna i wywodzi się z zasad wzajemnej pomocy i solidaryzmu. Odmienne są również przepisy prawa regulujące funkcjonowanie tych podmiotów. Z przeprowadzonych badań opinii członków wybranych oddziałów Kasy Stefczyka w woj. warmińskomazurskim wynika, że jest to instytucja rozpoznawalna, ciesząca się zaufaniem i w pewnym zakresie konkurencyjna wobec banków.
A flat to live is one of the basic amenities, but also the one which is very costly to acquire, and that creates serious obstacles and limitations to purchasing own home. Lacking own place to live, on the other hand, means serious restrictions over the development of any individual or a family. Because of the social and economic functions that residential properties perform, most states do not leave the question of housing to market forces alone, but pursue own housing policy. Housing policy as a research discipline diagnoses differences in the dwelling capacity from the economic, social and technical perspective; it establishes the scale of housing demand and the level to which it is satisfied; finally, it determines the optimal deployment of public funds [Auleytner, Głąbicka 2000]. Housing policy is a targeted action undertaken by national and local state institutions, in which legal and financial instruments are employed to improve the housing situation. The actual legal and financial solutions depend on the approved goals and can be divided into ones shaping the demand or supply on the residential real estate market. Privatization of dwelling stock leading to a higher number of flats with owners is perceived as a housing policy instrument, which can quite easily (in a way that leaves the state budget unaffected) stop and reverse the progressing depreciation of the housing stock. This article presents the results of the privatization effort undertaken to sell the dwelling stock managed by the Olsztyn Branch of the Agency of the Agricultural Real Estate Properties in communes within the District of Olsztyn. The flats within the said stock were sold with rebates to individual owners. At the end of 2011, the number of flats taken over by the Olsztyn Branch of the Agricultural Real Properties and included into the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury was 49647, of which 3999 were in the District of Olsztyn, mainly in the communes of Barczewo, Biskupiec, Purda and Jeziorany. The flats have different origin. Most originate from dissolved state farms (3506 flats) and from the State Land Fund (396 flats). The implemented privatization model, in which flats can be sold with reductions in the prices, has encouraged 94% of the future flat owners to make a preferential purchase. The remaining percentage consists of flats sold by tender bids or transferred free of charge mainly to communes. Owing to the above solution, the privatization of the stock of flats has almost been terminated, although this is true only about the flats from former state farms (flats which remain in the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury account for 0.8% of the original stock) which were sold with reductions in the prices available to both persons renting the flats or former employees of state farms. Regarding the flats from the Land Farm, a narrower group of persons were eligible to apply for rebates, and the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Tre
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