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Logos i Ethos
|
2017
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
EN
Solidarity is a “miracle,” and not only because of the relative rarity of spontaneous, trusting, non-instrumental cooperation in todays’ atomized societies, but also because of its inexplicable, invariably striking fundament – human freedom. This essay investigates the nature of “miracles,” drawing on two giant traditions – the ancient, Judaeo-Christian. The image of solidarity that emerges from this analysis proves that solidarity is originally and irreducibly a freedom-enhancing concept.
PL
Solidarność jest „cudem”. Zasługuje ona na takie miano nie tylko ze względu na relatywną rzadkość nieinstrumentalnej, spontanicznej i pełnej ufności współpracy we współczesnych zatomizowanych społeczeństwach, lecz także ze względu na swój niewytłumaczalny i niezmiennie fascynujący fundament: ludzką wolność. Artykuł opisuje naturę „cudów” na przykładzie dwóch klasycznych tradycji myśli europejskiej: antycznej i judeochrześcijańskiej. Obraz solidarności wyłaniający się z tej analizy dowodzi, że solidarność jest źródłowo i nieredukowalnie fenomenem liberalnym, a więc ufundowanym na wolności i pomnażającym wolność.
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PL
The paper provides an analysis of the impact of negative emotions on decision-making processes. It questions the common-sense view that negative emotions diminish rationality of decisions, i.e., increase the probability of making suboptimal choices. It is argued in the paper that this view is untenable on the grounds of neuroscience, cognitive science and evolutionary theory: the results provided by these sciences support the view that negative emotions in most instances of their occurrence, i.e. types of negative emotions, not only fail to undermine rationality of decision-making but substantially contribute to it. This does mean saying that token-negative emotions never undermine rationality of decision-making. But, as is argued in the paper, the fact that token-negative emotions may have sometimes this kind of negative effect is fully consistent with the claim that, as a rule, the effect is positive, so that one can speak about the causal connection between types of negative emotion and rational decision-making.
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