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Wpływ kapitału ludzkiego na wzrost w gospodarce polskiej – oszacownia wieloczynnikowej funkcji produkcji

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Roszkowska S., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
The main goal of the paper is the estiomation of multivariate production function parameters’. Morover, in presented paper macroeconomic indicators concerning the level of human capital are analyzed. Because of the fact that human capital is rather composed concept the author chose some variables reflecting the level of this capital. The economic growth is measured by growth rate of value added per worker. Main components of the human capital analyzed in the paper are: educational structure of labour force, number of employed in R&D sector, number of enterprises, sectoral structure of employment. The impact of human capital on economic growth has been estimated on the basis of multivariate neoclassical production function (Cobb-Douglas type). Used statistic and econometric methods allowed determine the strength and character of dependency between human capital measures and economic growth in Polish voivodeships. Moreover, each analyzed component of human capital different impacts on growth.
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Stabilność fiskalna krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej a kryzys gospodarczy lat 2007–2011

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Włodarczyk P., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
The global economic crisis of 2007–2011 led to a significant economic downturn in the Visegrad Group countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) and to the adoption of stimulating packages based on the expansive fiscal policy. It might have resulted in the serious deterioration of the fiscal stance in those countries. The aim of this article is analysis of impact of the global economic crisis on the fiscal stance of the Visegrad Group countries. The work consists of three parts. In the first of them the definition of fiscal sustainability and its basic theoretical aspects were presented. The second was devoted to the description of major indicators and econometric tests of fiscal sustainability. In the last of them fiscal sustainability of the Visegrad Group was verified empirically. The results show that only in Slovakia we observed the stabilization of fiscal stance in the period of 1995–2011. The situation was getting gradually worse in Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary. The goal of regaining fiscal sustainability will be one of the most important for all of these countries in the closest future.
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Wpływ kryzysu na opodatkowanie konsumpcji, pracy i kapitału w Unii Europejskiej

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Krajewska A., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
The response of tax policy pursued in the EU countries to the current crisis will be analysed in three ways: 1) Distribution of total tax burden by economic function, that means the share of taxes on consumption, labour and capital in relations to GDP and total tax revenues. Therefore the analysis will cover backward-looking tax burden indicators; 2) Analysis of trends in the implicit tax rate (ITR) on consumption, labour and capital. The ITR is an indicator which expresses the relations of tax burden levied on different activities to total revenue on this activity. The ITR takes into account the legislation and the resulting tax burden which may affect the behaviour of various entities and their decisions. This approach is described as forward-looking effective tax rate. Trends in the EU countries will be compared with the changes taking place in Poland. There will also be an attempt to clarify the specificity of fiscal policy pursued in Poland. For the purpose of this paper we used statistics prepared according to the methodology adopted by the European Commission published in "Taxation trends in the European Union", Eurostat 2011.
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Gospodarka oparta na wiedzy a stan rynku pracy w krajach Unii Europejskiej

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Kwiatkowski E., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
The main goal of the paper is to describe development levels of the knowledge based economy in the EU countries and labour market performance in those countries. Special attention is given to the relationship between the development of the knowledge based economy and labour market indicators in the EU countries. The empirical basis of the research is based on statistical data of the World Bank and Eurostat. The analysis indicates that labour market indicators are positively related with the development levels of the knowledge based economy.
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Racjonalność egzystencjalna świata w XXI wieku – wyzwania dla ekonomii i polityki

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Szukalski S. M., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
Global existential rationalty is a civilizational mega trend as lack of equality and disproportion of development might lead to global turbulences. There comes the question about global rationality conditioning. The paper draws attention to a selected number of issues, which may create a field for further discussion. It consists of three substantive parts. The first concerns the change in the geopolitical situation of the world. The second has been devoted to the problem of development disproportions in the world. The last section analyses three issues relevant to the topic discussed: the role of the institutions in the global world, the problem of the world economic leadership, as well as the shortage of theoretical economy in the fields such as definition of problems of the less developed countries and also global changes.
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Czy ekonomia behawioralna odpowiada na wyzwania współczesności?

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Godłów-Legiędź J., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2013
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vol. 281
EN
This paper briefly reviews select key attainments of behavioral economics. That new school of economics have recently increased the explanatory power of economics by providing it with more realistic psychological foundations. Daniel Kahneman has challenged the assumption that individuals behave in a manner consistent with conventional economic theory. However, from viewpoint of institutional methodology, there are important reasons why behavioral economics should research all human behavior as social embedded and social organized. Referring to the causes of the recent crisis, we present view that behavioral economics must be embedded in an institutional paradigm.
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