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EN
This article presents the disputed history of the authorship of Sarmatiae Europae Descriptio, with scholars’ debates lasting from the 18th century to contemporary times. Some concede to Maciej Stryjkowski’s claim towards Aleksander Gwagnin, who was accused of plagiarism. Others deem Gwagnin’s work as being original. Constructing his text, Gwagnin drew from printed books and manuscripts by Stryjkowski. Some scholars also point out to other resources. Gwagnin’s text is a well of knowledge, which is a compilation of information from many sources. The conceptualisation of the entire work makes form the originality of this work. Paszkowski not only translated the Polish version of Gwagnin’s work, but also added some of excerpts, each time signalling his authorship. It cannot be determined in what capacity he contributed otherwise
EN
This article presents the images of saint women, female martyrs of Christianity, which featured in Kontemplacja Męki of an anonymous manuscript entitled Kontemplacja Męki i śmierci Chrystusa Pana. The manuscript dates back to the 17th century and is stored in the archives of the Sisters of St. Norbert’s Order in Cracow. A thesis can be put forward that the author of this manuscript belonged to this abbey. Among the saint women presented in the manuscript there are: St. Agatha, St. Agnes, St. Brigid, St. Cecilia, Catherine of Siena and St. Paula of Rome. This article adduces evidence that Kontemplacja Męki shows visible influences of Piotr Skarga’s Żywoty świętych, as well as Ignatius Loyola’s method of applicatio sensuum, which testifies to the sublime style of the manuscript.
PL
Tekst został wygłoszony podczas konferencji „Zamoyscy w dziejach Polski. W kręgu polityki, gospodarki, prawa i kultury”, Zamość, 15–17 września 2005 r.
EN
Tomasz Zamoyski died on the 8th of January 1638 (born on the 1st of April 1594). The text is a presentation and analysis of four, conceptual and funeral orations, which were written by: Stanisław Szałapski SJ, Bartłomiej Sylwiusz SJ, Marek Korona and Mikołaj Ławrynowicz. The first part of the article is a presentation of conceptual structure of orations and as well as analysis of titles and role of mottos from Bible. The second part of article describes Tomasz Zamoyski’s glowing effigy. Author uses rhetorical scheme laudatio personae, which was constructed from circumstances inner (family stock, ancestors, birth, education, attributes of body and soul, actions) and external (family, friends, descendants, time of his life, types of death). Orators built the glowing effigy of Tomasz Zamoyski, and his life presents a humanistic model of human and citizen.
EN
The article presents the art of Piarist college of Góra Kalwaria, the theme of which was life of st. Alex. The medieval story has been adjusted to Baroque imagination and aesthetics.
PL
Tekst został wygłoszony podczas konferencji „Europa Środkowa – przedpokój czy salon Europy, gdzie Wschód spotyka się z Zachodem?”, Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi, Jasło, 21–23 września 2006 r.
EN
The article presents a part of Society of Jesus in formation a culture of Europe seen as a whole. The cultural and intellectual developments in Europe in the 16th and 17th century were greatly influenced by the Jesuits. It made a fundamental contribution to the creation of uniform European culture. The author concentrates on the Jesuit educational system (specially Ratio studiorum, University of Vilnius, rhetoric) which formed the foundation of homogeneous culture of the Europe. It was also a ‘‘platform” between East and West Europe.
EN
This article presents the literary accomplishments of Polish nuns in the 17th and 18th centuries. These cloistered writings experienced their height of development at The Order of the Carmelite Nuns in Cracow. Literature was also a pursuit of the female Benedictines of the Chełmno congregation, the female Bernardines, Poor Clares, Sisters of St. Norbert’s Order, and Sisters of the Visitation. The nuns dealt in the writing of chronicles autobiographies, prayers, conferences, spiritual songs, and other religious works. In addition to their literary pursuits, the Sisters of the Visitation also were concerned with translation activities and both the Benedictine nuns and Sisters of the Visitation were active in the field of publishing. The Polish female orders were not only a place of spiritual contemplation, prayers, and worship but also a budding environment for the literary life.
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