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Olejarnia Władysława Malesy w Mszadli, pow. Skierniewice, woj. łódzkie jako dokument techniki i życia społecznego mieszkańców wsi

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Czepas P., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2014
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vol. 19
EN
The present article is devoted to the history of an oil mill situated in Mszadla, poviat Skierniewice, Łódzkie voivodeship. It was constructed and operated by Władysław Malesa (1912-2000), a very active inhabitant of the village of Mszadla. Since 1935, he belonged to the United People’s Party [Zjednoczone Stronnictwo Ludowe], and during World War II, he was a member of Peasants’ Batallions [Bataliony Chłopskie]. Apart from farmer’s work and oil production, he also ran seasonal manufacture of concrete roof tiles. Władysław Malesa’s oil mill was established in 1948, and it worked until 2000. It was located in one of the buildings of Mr Malesa’s farm, and the following machines were used there: a lever press, a cylindrical grinder (crusher), a fanner, an open furnace with a pot to heat post-extraction seed meal, and a meal box. The oil mill used to work seasonally, during Advent before Christmas and during Lent before Easter. Rapeseed oil was its main product, although some times flax or mustard plant were pressed, too. The so-called oil-cake which remained after pressing was used as animal feed. In 2010, the Oil Mill was bought by the Museum of Archaeology and Etnography in Łódź. The machines were then renovated, and in 2013 became part of an open-air village museum [Łęczycka Zagroda Chłopska] in Kwiatkówek near Łęczyca. Special oil-pressing presentations are sometimes organised for visitors of the mill.
2
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Dzieje działalności przemysłowej w Stoczku Łukowskim i okolicach

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Czepas P., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2016
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vol. 22
EN
The present paper focuses on the history of industrial activity in Stoczek Łukowski and surrounding areas. The territorial scope of the study is limited by the current administrative borders of the town and commune of Stoczek Łukowski, whereas chronologically, it focuses on the period from the 16th century and the first decade of the 21st century. The paper focuses on the history of industry in this area, which is presented by means of description of individual trades. The most powerful branches in and around Stoczek Łukowski included agriculture and food industries, especially milling, and the mineral industry – brickyards. Industrial facilities operated on the basis of the local natural resources. In terms of structure, these were mostly petty industry enterprises which served local inhabitants’ needs.
3
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Żebractwo wiejskie w II RP

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Chlebowska B., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2012
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vol. 17
4
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Tradycyjne budownictwo chłopskie w Polsce środkowej w XIX i XX wieku

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Czepas P., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2012
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vol. 17
5
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Z historii Święta Palanta w Grabowie

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Chlebowska B., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2014
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vol. 19
EN
The present article is a case study of the Palant Day, organized on Grabów – a small village, with less than 100 inhabitants, situated in the north-western part of the Łódzkie voivodeship. The history of Grabów dates back to the Middle Ages. Until World War II, the settlement was a centre of crafts. It can be assumed that the tradition of palant [a Polish game similar to baseball] was initiated in this place in the early 19th century by the village owner, Feliks Kretkowski. Every year, on the first Tuesday after Easter, a one-of-a-kind Palant Day is organised on Grabów. Local inhabitants sometimes call it “the third day of Easter”. Unfortunately, it is impossible to determine when the habit of playing games on this particular day started. Originally, the Palant Day was a festival of artisans, now it is a celebration organised by the Commune Culture Centre and the Commune Office in Grabów. Today, each resident of the village can be a member of the informal Palant Club and take part in games. The Palant Day is accompanied by artistic performances, e.g. concerts of a wind band and a show of majorettes. It has become an important event for presentation of local amateur artists, and therefore it is an impulse for development of this kind of activity. Due to its exceptional character, the festival attracts the local and national media, so it is an important tool for promotion of the commune. The residents of Grabów have various attitudes to the Palant Day, ranging from pride of the local tradition to indifference which is usually related to the inability to participate in it. The popularity of palant in Grabów is not going to decrease, as the commune has a local school league of palant, and recently a youth palant team has been established.
6
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To była miejscowość [...] rzeźników, krawców i szewców. Studium z historii rzemiosła i przemysłu w Grabowie

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Chlebowska B., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2016
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vol. 22
EN
The paper is titled “It was a town of [...] tailors, shoemakers and butchers. A study on the history of crafts and industry in Grabów” is the chronicle of industrial enterprises and crafts in this town mainly in the interwar period and in the times of the Polish People’s Republic. The mill of Grabów was erected at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and it originally belonged to a family of German settlers. The manor brickyard was built in the early 20th century. Both of these enterprises were nationalized after the World War II, and they have undergone numerous modernizations. The mill was returned to its pre-war owners and is still operating. In terms of crafts, Jewish tailors and shoemakers dominated the local market. In the period of the Polish People’s Republic, the structure of crafts was much more diversified.
7
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Poskładane z okruchów. Uwagi na temat pracy nad wyposażeniem wnętrza domu mieszkalnego w Łęczyckiej Zagrodzie Chłopskiej

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Chlebowska B., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2013
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vol. 18
EN
The residential house reconstructed in Łęczycka Zagroda Chłopska is a one-bay wide-front peasant cottage in the village of Chorki with clay walls and two rooms separated with a through hallway. The furnishings reflect the interwar period, i.e. the 1930s. The basis is formed with furniture obtained during penetrative field research of the Ethnographic Team of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź. Historic objects from the Museum’s collection, such as devotional objects, functional fabrics, and household items, supplement the exhibition. I have assumed that the house is inhabited with a two-generation family, i.e. a married couple with several children. This solution has enabled me to allot one room for a kitchen (a so-called ‘black room’) and the second one – for a residential room (a so-called ‘white room’). The arrangement including rooms with different natures and functions makes the exhibition more attractive.
8
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Olejarnia z miejscowości Mnich-Kolonia, pow. Kutno, woj. łódzkie jako przykład drobnej działalności przemysłowej w środowisku wiejskim

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Czepas P., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2013
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vol. 18
EN
This work presents the history of an oil factory from Mnich-Kolonia located in the poviat of Kutno. The oil factory founded and owned by Leonard Wasielewski operated from the early 1960s to the late 1980s. Technological devices built by the founder of the factory were original and unique construction solutions. They included a screw oil press, a crushing roller mill, and a hearth with a cauldron to heat oil meal. In the oil factory, opened during the Advent, rapeseed oil was pressed and sometimes also mustard oil. The remaining technological devices for oil production were bought in 2012 by the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź. Since July 2013, they are a part of an exhibition in the oil factory in “Łęczycka Zagroda Chłopska” [Łęczyca Peasant Homestead] in Kwiatkówek near Łęczyca.
9
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Ostatni gliniany dom z Chorek w powiecie łęczyckim i jego mieszkańcy

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Czepas P., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2015
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vol. 21
EN
The present article focuses on the history of the farmers’ cottage in the Chorki village, Łęczyca poviat. It was built of straw and clay in the late 19th century. Until 2007, it was inhabited by the Skalski family. The house was documented for the first time in the 1960s by Bożenna Paszkowska-Wróblewska, an ethnographer from the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź, as part of the studies of clay buildings of the Chorki village. At present, it is the last At present, it is the last surviving example of a clay house in this village. Abandoned, it is meant to be demolished soon.
10
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Koło czasu. Tradycyjna obrzędowość doroczna w rzeźbie łęczyckiej i kutnowskiej

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Chlebowska B., Świercz M., Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2015
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vol. 21
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