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Geneza demokracji przemysłowej w rozwiniętych krajach kapitalistycznych

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Rudolf S., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. P. K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1983
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vol. 27
EN
The industrlal democracy in the West encompasses all changes leading to improvement of workers position in a company, Its main forms include expansion of reclprocal consultations and negotlations, participation of workers representatives in all company's managlng bodies, enhanced position of worker's councils as well as increascd autonomy of employees at all the lower levels belng effected through changes in the work organization. The very essence of the industrial democracy boils down to certain changes in capitalist production relations - changes which consist mainly in expanded workers control over production means. The burgeoisie in response to the working class demand admits co-participation of workers in decision-making processes within a company. Thus we are dealing here with significant changes in the aocial system of capitalism. The author puts forward a hypothesis that development of the industrial democracy is linked with construcrtion of a new stage in the capitalist system, the stage of "social capitalism", in which the society's attention will be focussed on problems of democracy of workers life and of the work environment.
2
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Obiektywność i wartościowanie w naukach społecznych u Cunnara Myrdala

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Kostrzewa-Tomczak T., Kropiwnlcki J., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. P. K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1983
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vol. 27
EN
The article discusses methodological problems of Gunnar Myrdal 's scientific contributions. It describes in bigger detail the research method which, in Myrdal's opinion, should be employed in all social sclences including economy. The analysis in particular parts of the article encompasses Myrdal's views on: - criterion of objectivity of sciences, - necessity of formulating valuation judgments, - difficulties in identification of valuations, - process of selecting valuation premises for researches, - correlations between research problem and valuation premises, and practical objective of social sciences according to Myrdal. The article contains also an attempt at showing similarities and differences between the Marxist and Myrdal'a interpretation of social phenomena and processes.
3
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Proinflacyjny charakter zachodnioniemieckiego systemu zabezpieczenia społecznego

100%
Hadrowicz T., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. P. K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1983
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vol. 27
EN
The article contains an attempt at providing an answer to the question whether, and if so - in what way and to what extent, the state system of social security may participate in stimulation or consolidation of the inflationary process in the contemporary capitalism. The analysis is performed within the framework of two most common theories of inflation causes today, and namely of the demand and the costs theories with the object of research being the West-German social security system. This analysis reveals that this system may, theoretically speaking, develop in an proinflationary way and that both through its influence on the demand and supply (costs) factors of the economic process. The fact that the security system restricts its activity mainly to the transfer of the purohasing power from those remaining in the production process to those excluded temporarily or penamently from the professional life as well as propensity to generating changes in the distribution of the national income in favour of the non-possessing classes being characteristic for the system, provide an excuse for stating that it created a bigger inflationary threat through its influence on the supply (costs) rather than the demand side of the economic process. It seems, however that the strenght of the proinflationary influence of the West-German social security system should not be estimated too highly duo to the fact that costs foraally incurred by companies for social securing of the employed (fees) although growing and ąuite substantial in their absolute figures, represent a relatively insignificant portion of their aggregate production costs; insignificant in comparison with wage or materiał production costs.
4
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Ewolucja poglądów dotyczących związku inflacja-bezrobocie

100%
Belka M., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. P. K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1983
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vol. 27
EN
In this article the author describes the evolution of theoretical views appearing in Western economy on the relationship between inflation and unemployment, and makes an attempt at commenting on and evaluating basic points of controversy against the background of the present economic problems faced by higly-developed capitalist states. There is discussed the concept based on the so-called Phillip's curve with a special emphasis laid on its theoretical and practical significance, - and the hypothesis of "natural unemployment rate", which while constituting the nert interpretation of the inflation-unemployaent relationship, is deeply rooted in the neo-classical theory. As a kind of digression the author describes the thesis presented by M. Friedman in 1976 about a positive correlation between the unemployment level and the Inflation rate. The author perfores a confrontation of the main views on the subject in question i. e. of the doctrine based on Phillip's curve, considered today to be a counterpart of Keynes' theory of wages and eaployment, and the natural concept of the unemployment rate being a contemporary version of the position held by the neo- -classical economy. A special attention is devoted to the fact that both Keynes' and neo-classical approach to the unemployment and full employment problems do not create a satisfactory framework for analysis of significant phenomena occurring in the labour market in capitalist states - and namely creation of a substantial unemployment margin of structural character.
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