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Сказки типа «Спор о верности жены» и древнерусские редакции “Повести о купце” Беняша Будного (эпизоды первой части)

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Rzepnikowska I., Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika W. F.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
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2015
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vol. Zeszyt specjalny 2015
EN
Russian folktales which belong to ‘The wager on the wife’s chastity’ type (882 in The Aarne–Thompson tale type index) owe their origin to the tale of Zinevra from “The Decameron” (II, 9) by Giovanni Boccaccio. Adapted by the Old Russian literature, it gradually became part of the oral tradition and underwent the process of folklorization. It should be stressed, however, that the tale wasnot translated directly from Italian but from Polish, and that it was “Historia o kupcu” [“A tale of a merchant”] by Bieniasz Budny that played the role of the mediating text. The reception of the Old Russian translation of the tale was quite favourable, as evidenced by the existence of five versions and the fact that their authors did not limit themselves to passively reproducing the original. Analysis of episodes from the first part of the tales of the faithful wife shows that folk creators were mainly inspired by two Old Russian versions of “Tale of a merchant: A facetious tale” and “A strange tale”. In addition, traces of inspiration drawn from the byliny about Stavr Godinovich can be found there as well as from tales of other unfairly slandered beauties, for instance those about a merchant’s daughter.
RU
Сказки типа «Спор о верности жены» (СУС 882A) в русской народной традиции появились в результате фольклоризации древнерусских редакций “Повести утешной о купце” Беняша Будного, восходящей к “Декамерону” Джованни Боккаччо (9 новелла второго дня). В статье предпринимается попытка выявить формы соотношения эпизодов первой части сказок о верной жене с двумя из пяти литературными редакциями новеллы, т.е. с текстами Первоначальной и Сказочно-былинной редакциий. Проведенный анализ показывает, что, естественно, все они формировались еще и под влиянием фольклорного материала, в том числе сказочного и былинного (сказки о невинно оклеветанной купеческой дочери, былины о Ставре Годиновиче).
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