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INTRODUCTION OF MARXIST ETHNOGRAPHY IN ETHNOLOGY IN SLOVAKIA: A CHANGE IN SCHOLARLY THINKING? (Zavadzanie marxistickej etnografie v narodopise na Slovensku: zmena vedeckeho myslenia?)

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Kilianova G., Popelkova K.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

2010

vol. 58

issue 4

410-425

The paper deals with the history of scientific thought in ethnology in Slovakia in the period immediately after the establishment of the Communist regime, i.e. the second half of the 1940s and the first half of the 1950s. This relatively short period was characterised by rapid changes in definition of the research subject, theoretical and methodological approaches, scientific goals, and even the discipline's very name. The paper focuses on the implementation of the new methodological orientation, which was named Marxist ethnography. The authors investigate how Slovak scholars approached the new orientation and what theoretical concepts appeared during the period. Furthermore, they explore the question of how the new methodological orientation was made operational, i.e. how it was used in research projects and daily scholarly routine. The authors study scholarly practice as a social process. They examine the activities of scholars, the relations within the scholarly community, and the relations between scholars and society. They attempt to answer the question of whether and how the implementation of Marxist ethnography influenced ethnological research in Slovakia and whether and how it contributed to changes in scholarly thinking.

KONŠTRUOVANIE LÍNIÍ (SITUÁCIA A FUNKCIE LITERÁRNEJ KRITIKY NA PRELOME ŠTYRIDSIATYCH A PÄŤDESIATYCH ROKOV 20. STOROČIA)

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Bílik R.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2012

vol. 59

issue 1

1 – 16

The author examines the situation and function of the literary criticism at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s. Within this context, he is polemical in his reflection on the methods of literary historiography, which marginalize the period in question as a period of „political mistakes“, „childhood diseases of socialism“ or unintentional political excesses. A significant part of the domestic literary historiography uses a self-given contemporary label to designate the literary aspect of the marginalization process as „schematism“ (originated in 1952). The author points to the fact that these kind of historiographical interpretations are found within the methodological framework of historical materialism. It also enables them to construct the history of modern Slovak literature as a linear and continuous movement. In comparison with them it stands a part of literary historiography which tracks the history of Slovak literature in the 20th century as a series of discontinuous shifts of the dominant aesthetic units (O. Čepan). Against this methodological background, the author follows the changes of the criteria which in the activities of literary criticism helped establish the primary values of the new political power at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s that is the doctrine of socialist realism. A reflection based on such facts allowed the author to show that the period of the late 40s and early 50s is one of the key turning points in the history of Slovak literature in the 20th century. It is the core which supplied energy to the totalitarian patterns, which Slovak literature was trapped in for forty years.

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1 Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

1 Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

1 2012

1 2010

1 Bílik R.

1 Kilianova G.

1 Popelkova K.

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INTRODUCTION OF MARXIST ETHNOGRAPHY IN ETHNOLOGY IN SLOVAKIA: A CHANGE IN SCHOLARLY THINKING? (Zavadzanie marxistickej etnografie v narodopise na Slovensku: zmena vedeckeho myslenia?)

KONŠTRUOVANIE LÍNIÍ (SITUÁCIA A FUNKCIE LITERÁRNEJ KRITIKY NA PRELOME ŠTYRIDSIATYCH A PÄŤDESIATYCH ROKOV 20. STOROČIA)