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PL
Artykuł omawia rozprawę doktorską Macieja Gałęzowskiego, która została obroniona w 1812 roku na Uniwersytecie Wileńskim. By odsłużyć stypendium rządu rosyjskiego, jej autor musiał po studiach pracować jako lekarz wojskowy. Promotorem dysertacji był Józef Frank, a tematem rozpoznawanie, różnicowanie i leczenie internistyczne oraz chirurgiczne hemoroidów. Rozprawa ukazuje zainteresowanie lekarzy semiotyką medyczną oraz przemiany chirurgii i medycyny na początku XIX wieku.
EN
This article presents a doctoral thesis written by Maciej Galezowski and defended in 1812 in Vilnius. During his studies, Galezowski received the Russian government scholarship, hence, he was obligated to serve as doctor in the Tsar military units. Galezowski write the dissertation under Joseph Frank. His thesis was on hemorrhoids, their diagnostics and medical and surgical treatment. The dissertation shows physicians’ interest in medical semiotics and evolution of surgery and medicine at the beginning of the 19th century.
PL
Artykuł stanowi komentarz do przytoczonej poniżej korespondencji Józefa Bielińskiego (1848-1926) – lekarza. W Bibliotece Wróblewskich Litewskiej Akademii Nauk w Wilnie zachowały się bruliony zawierające brudnopisy listów Bielińskiego z lat 1876-1878 i korespondencja do niego kierowana z tego okresu. Wszystkie listy są źródłem wiedzy o życiu polskich lekarzy w zaborze rosyjskim w ostatnim ćwierćwieczu XIX w. Józef Bieliński nie był Litwinem, pochodził z Lubrańca koło Włocławka. Po ukończeniu studiów lekarskich na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim, został skierowany do walki z epidemią cholery w pobliskim miasteczku Kałuszyn. Gdy został tam lekarzem miejskim, z czym łączyła się bardzo niskie wynagrodzenie, mając na utrzymaniu żonę i rodziców, zaczął szukać lepiej płatnej posady. Został dobrowolnie lekarzem w Chołunicy w guberni wiackiej, gdzie Rosjanie zsyłali polskich więźniów politycznych. Przytoczone listy dostarczają szczegółowej wiedzy o warunkach życia i pracy lekarzy polskich w głębi Rosji.
EN
The article presents the life and scientific activity of Józef Bieliński (1848-1926), a doctor. In the Wroblewskis’ Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in Vilnius, notebooks containing rough drafts of Bielinski's letters and correspondence addressed to him have been preserved. These all letters are a source of knowledge about the life of Polish doctors in the Russian partition of Poland in the last quarter of the 19th century. Although most of his life Bielinski spent in Russia and Lithuania, he was nor a Lithuanian, neither a Russian, but a Pole, born in Lubraniec near Włocławek. After graduating from medical studies at the University of Warsaw, Bielinski was sent to fight the cholera epidemic in the nearby town of Kaluszyn. He became a city doctor soon, which was associated with a low salary. He had to support his wife and parents, hence, he began to look for a better-paid job and found it in the village of Cholunica in the governorate of Wiatka (today Kirow), a very unpleasant place, where the Russians sent Polish political prisoners. The letters from Cholunica provide detailed knowledge about Polish doctors' living and working conditions in the interior of Russia in the 1870s.
EN
The shape and content of the newly edited volumes of the Estreicher Family Polish Bibliography (namely vol. 19 and 20 of the new edition of the Polish Bibliography of the 19th century) were strongly affected by the accelerated pace of digitization of catalogues and collections of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian and Lithuanian libraries. Digital access to these re- sources allowed our team to locate many previously unknown Polish books, but the vast amount of data required a practical strategy of quick and effective searching. Moreover, the criteria of selection became an important methodological concern: both the specific characteristics of the newly surfaced materials and recent studies dealing with participation of Polish people in the cultural and academic life of the neighbouring nations show that the Polish heritage includes numerous books in Russian (and other languages as well), e.g. the publications of the Polish scientists who worked in the Russian Empire. Discovering and documenting such unobvious parts of Polish heritage become one of the fundamental tasks for the present-day researchers.
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