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  1. 18 Studia Psychologica

  2. 5 Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

  3. 2 Polish Psychological Bulletin

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  1. 2 Blatny M.

  2. 2 Homišinová M.

  3. 2 Jelonkiewicz I.

  4. 2 Mares J.

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1

TIME FOR BEING THANKFUL: BALANCED TIME PERSPECTIVE AND GRATITUDE

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Szczesniak M., Timoszyk-Tomczak C.
Studia Psychologica
|
2018
|
vol. 60
|
issue 3
150 – 166
EN
The aim of this report is twofold: 1) to demonstrate how grateful disposition is related to time perspectives in late adolescents and young people in the process of transition into early adulthood; 2) to verify whether age indeed moderates the relationship between the present-hedonistic dimension and gratitude, as well as future and gratitude in such a way that these relationships are stronger in high school students and undergraduates than in graduates. The results provide strong support for the hypothesis that gratitude is higher in the case of the past-positive, present-hedonistic, and future time perspectives. As regards the reverse correlations, deviation from a balanced time perspective is positively associated with gratitude GQ-6 and IPIP-VIA. This suggests that different types of focus on recalling the past, experiencing the present, and facing the future might predict a grateful disposition and gratitude. Moreover, age moderated the relationship between the present-hedonistic perspective and gratitude.
2

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE SOCIAL ANXIETY SCALE FOR ADOLESCENTS (SASA) AND ITS RELATION TO POSITIVE IMAGINARY AUDIENCE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SLOVENE ADOLESCENTS

100%
Puklek L. M., Videc M.
Studia Psychologica
|
2008
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1
49-65
EN
The main purpose of the present study was to establish the reliability and validity of the final 28-item version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SASA, Puklek, 1997) in a sample of early and late Slovene adolescents. We also investigated the relation of social anxiety to positive imaginary audience and students' performance in an evaluative academic situation. Confirmatory factor analysis determined a two-factor structure of the SASA (Apprehension and Fear of Negative Evaluation - AFNE and Tension and Inhibition in Social Contact - TISC). Only AFNE correlated (positively) to imaginary audience. Although socially anxious students did not appear to be academically less successful, students who scored higher on the SASA subscales reported a higher intensity of distractive factors during oral examination than their socially less anxious age-mates. Contrary to expectations, early and late adolescents did not differ in social anxiety and imaginary audience ideations. Female adolescents showed more worries and fears of negative evaluation (AFNE) than males. Males and females also differed as regards the type of imaginary audience ideations.
3

REASONS ENCOURAGING ADOLESCENTS TO TAKE UP SMOKING

100%
Orosova O., Madarasova-Geckova A., Bacikova-Sleskova M., Van D. J. P.
Studia Psychologica
|
2008
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1
67-78
EN
Aim: To understand adolescents' smoking behavior by analyzing retrospective self-ratings of the reasons encouraging them to take up smoking. Method: Participating in the study were 883 students (373 boys) of elementary and secondary schools in Kosice, Slovak Republic (74.9% of adolescents in the sample reported having experience with smoking). Smoking status and reasons for taking up smoking were measured using questionnaires. Results: Boys and girls ranked as the most important reasons for taking up smoking novelty, curiosity, peer influence and enjoyment seeking. Significant effect of grade was found in boys' ratings of peer influence, parental influence, relaxation in social situation, older siblings' influence and media advertising, but no significant effect of grade was found in girls' ratings with the exception of media advertising. Significant effect of smoking status was found in boys' ratings of every reason for taking up smoking, and for girls' ratings of every reason except curiosity, parental influence and rebelliousness. Effective prevention strategies encouraging non-smokers to fulfill such urges as curiosity, novelty- and enjoyment-seeking in ways other than by smoking, need to be developed and implemented.
4
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Resources and coping styles utilized by Warsaw adolescents

100%
Jelonkiewicz I.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2010
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vol. 41
|
issue 1
8-19
EN
The aim of the study was to establish relationships between perceived psychosocial resources and styles of coping with stress utilized by adolescents. A total of 1326 students (aged 15-20, mean age 17.0 years) of 16 randomly selected secondary schools were examined using a set of self-report questionnaires. Personal resources (sense of coherence and optimism), environmental resources (family affluence, family strengths, support from parents, teachers and peers), and styles of coping with stress were measured. Two groups differing significantly in their perceived resources were distinguished. The group with high resources (HR) consisted of 502, while the low-resource group (LR) - of 570 adolescents. The level of perceived resources (high vs. low) turned out to be associated with utilization of specific coping styles. High-resource adolescents as compared to their low-resource counterparts more often utilized task-oriented coping and seeking interpersonal contacts, at the same time less often using emotion- and distraction-oriented coping styles.
5

PARENTS' AND PEERS' INFLUENCE ON NORMS AND NORM-BREAKING BEHAVIOR OF SLOVAK ADOLESCENT BOYS AND GIRLS

100%
Ruiselova Z., Urbanek T.
Studia Psychologica
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2008
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vol. 50
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issue 2
191-200
EN
The study is part of a cross-cultural (Swedish-Slovak) research project, whose aim is to study norm-breaking behavior, attitudes and maladjustment symptoms in 15-year-old adolescents. It is a study of parents' and peers' influence on self-evaluation, behavior intentions and real behavior of adolescents in 8 situations (representing norm-breaking behavior). The studied sample of 1843 participants is a representative sample for a Slovak city with 100,000 inhabitants. The SEM model of these influences in boys and girls is verified. The goodness of fit of the model and its generalisability across gender is tested.
6

THE NATURE OF INDIVIDUAL TEMPERAMENTAL TRAITS IN ADOLESCENCE

100%
Malykh S. B., Gindina E. D., Nadyseva V. V.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
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2005
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vol. 11
65-89
EN
This study, which is part of a Moscow longitudinal twin project, aims to explore genetic and environmental contributions to inter-individual variability of temperamental traits in adolescence on the basis of a Russian sample. 85 monozygotic (MZ) and 64 same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs aged 12 to 14 completed the children's version of the Rusalov Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (C-STQ). The results of model-fitting analyses indicate considerable hereditary determination of individual differences in 3 out of the 8 C-STQ dimensions - Social tempo, Object-related emotional sensitivity, and Social emotional sensitivity. Non-shared environmental effects explained the rest of the total variance in these dimensions. Individual differences in the remaining STQ dimensions were due to environmental factors.
7

THE FIVE PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS IN RELATION TO CREATIVE THINKING OF ADOLESCENTS

100%
Szobiova E.
Studia Psychologica
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2006
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vol. 48
|
issue 3
241-249
EN
The study presents the creative personality profile from the point of view of five personality dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) in relation to creative thinking of the adolescents, namely of the gender differences. For the creativity identification use was made of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. To measure the personality dimensions, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (Costa, McCrae, 1989) was applied to a sample of 370 adolescents (196 boys and 174 girls, mean age 18 years). This research has yielded several remarkable results. We found the significant differences between the girls and boys in neuroticism and openness.
8

CHANGES IN COPING DURING ADOLESCENCE - POSSIBLE CONCEPTUALIZATIONS

100%
Kohoutek T., Mares J., Jezek S.
Studia Psychologica
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2009
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vol. 51
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issue 2-3
167-182
EN
Developmental research on coping assumes the observation not only of quantitative changes in the use of individual strategies or occurrence of various types of responses, but also the changes in the structure of coping. The present study focuses on the structure of coping and its changes during adolescence from a transactional approach; this is with a view to the interdependent relationship between stress and coping and to the mutual connections between the various responses to stress, given their parallel or sequential occurrence. The shifts that occur during adolescence are viewed in part from an analysis factor derived from a range of problems and responses, and in part through the help of structural models of the problems and the responses to them within two age groups. The data comes from 403 thirteen-year-old and 248 fifteen-year-old adolescents, longitudinally observed within the framework of the Czech part of the ELSPAC study.
9

THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERSTANDING OF BASIC EMOTIONS FROM MIDDLE CHILDHOOD TO ADOLESCENCE

100%
Smrtnik V. H.
Studia Psychologica
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2009
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vol. 51
|
issue 1
3-20
EN
The purpose of our study was to determine age-related differences in understanding emotions in middle and late childhood and early adolescence. We wanted to determine whether children aged 7, 9 and 11 (N = 54) differed in the complexity of their understanding of individual areas of basic emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger and fear in other people and whether their understanding depended on their gender and the educational background of their parents. Children gave answers in a semi-structured interview specifically designed for this study. Based on the results obtained from qualitative and quantitative analysis and their consistency with the findings of other researchers, we concluded that 1) in middle and late childhood and early adolescence the understanding of basic emotions increases in complexity and that changes do not occur in all areas simultaneously; 2) the four basic emotions develop gradually, with more complex interpretations being added to simpler ones; 3) there are no characteristic gender-based differences in the complexity of understanding in most areas of emotion nor are there any differences between children and adolescents with parents of different educational backgrounds.
10

SILENT VOICES: CHILDREN'S QUALITY OF LIFE CONCEPTS

100%
Mares J., Neusar A.
Studia Psychologica
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2010
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vol. 52
|
issue 2
81-100
EN
The paper deals with the concept of quality of life (QOL) among children and adolescents and the methodological issues connected with research on QOL. The authors' survey was completed by 581 respondents from the general population, aged between 8 - 15 years old. Their task was to describe the term 'quality of life' and to describe poor, average and outstanding ways of living using the examples of their friends and acquaintances. This survey is a response to the lack of research directed at how children themselves see the quality of their lives and it is a part of a research project mapping QOL among children and adolescents. Results show that the major QOL categories are quite constant across age and gender. Most of the respondents want the same: a good family, parental care, good or average school grades, good friends and a sufficient amount of money (in the family). Major gender and age differences appear among less frequent categories e.g., good clothes, freedom, sport, alcohol consumption or smoking.
11

STRUCTURE OF ROSENBERG'S SELF-ESTEEM SCALE: THREE-FACTOR SOLUTION

100%
Blatny M., Urbanek T., Osecka L.
Studia Psychologica
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2006
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vol. 48
|
issue 4
371-378
EN
The study deals with the structure of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. In a previous research the several samples of the Czech adolescents were obtained, yielding a similar three-factor structure as the exploratory results. The confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the joint sample (N = 708, 293 boys and 415 girls) and separately on a high school students group (N = 428, 184 boys and 244 girls) and a university students group as well (N = 280, 109 boys and 171 girls). The analyses corroborated the hypothesis about three-factor structure invariant in both groups. These factors are assertion of the positive statements about self, denial of the negative statements about self and a factor of a social comparison.
12
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‘I Want to Stay Here Forever’: Narratives of Resistance amongst Polish-born Adolescents in the UK

100%
Young S.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2019
|
vol. 45
|
issue 1 (171)
109–130
EN
Polish accession to the European Union in 2004 saw migration to the UK increase exponentially. However, the recent climate in Britain has become one of a harsher anti-immigrant discourse. This paper is based on findings of my doctoral study exploring identity construction amongst Polish-born adolescents in the UK in the light of such negative discourses. Here, I see identity as contingent, (re) negotiated in different contexts; I also draw on the theory of positioning, whereby individuals adopt certain subject positions even as they are positioned differently by others. Fieldwork for the study took place in January-May 2016. A narrative inquiry approach was used; interviews were held with eleven participants aged 11–16, living in small Polish communities. Findings suggest that while the adolescents report having been subjected to anti-Polish bullying, they refuse to tell stories of victimhood. Rather, they present themselves as agentive individuals who respond to attacks by asserting their Polish identity and reinforcing their right to be in the UK. Thus, despite the antagonistic discourses surrounding Polish migration to the UK, these adolescents demonstrate the positive way that they are confronting their present difficulties and approaching their future.
13

CONTACT BASED SCHOOL INTERVENTION PROGRAM: ENHANCING COOPERATION INTENTION AND REDUCING PREJUDICE TOWARD ROMA

100%
Petrík J., Popper M.
Studia Psychologica
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2020
|
vol. 62
|
issue 3
232 – 245
EN
The aim of the paper is to assess the effects of an intervention program derived from the contact theory of intergroup attitudes toward the Roma minority. A sample of 150 high school students from two midsized towns was randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group. Participants in the experimental group attended six sessions of a Junior Project Manager program run by a local organization, which included project management lessons, a lesson on the discriminated minority and positive, cooperative direct contact with the Roma minority in work settings. Participant attitudes were measured prior to and after the intervention program. The intervention program had a positive impact on intergroup attitudes, intergroup trust and approach/avoid tendencies and intended future cooperation. The results indicate that this was the first successful attempt to change intergroup attitudes using direct contact in a Slovak context.
14

COPING SCALES FOR ADULTS: PSYCHOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS

100%
Fickova E.
Studia Psychologica
|
2005
|
vol. 47
|
issue 4
309-317
EN
The study compares two differently constructed coping instruments: COPE (Carver et al., 1989) and CISS (Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations; Endler and Parker, 1990). A point is made of the discriminatory validity of the scales being analyzed, their critical evaluation by other authors and relations of the analogous coping strategies identified by means of the various scales. Results obtained on a group of 242 adolescents - Upper Grammar School students - are also interpreted as regards differences in the preference of coping strategies by girls and boys in accordance with the coping methods employed.
15

Stimulating socio-moral development of adolescents

100%
Czyzowska D.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2005
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vol. 36
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issue 3
156-162
EN
Social problems that indicate the moral degradation of youth forces us to ask questions about the possibility of an effective system of moral education. There is a debate concerning the aims and methods of this education among theoreticians of moral education. This article contains a short discussion of the cognitive-developmental conception of development and socio-moral education as well as the results of research pointing out the possibility of stimulating moral development of the individual. Presenting the reasons for which the stimulation of socio-moral development during the period of adolescence seems to be especially important and justified, the author presents her own proposal for a curriculum of moral education.
16
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SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF POLISH ADOLESCENTS FROM GREEK AND POLISH HIGH SCHOOLS IN ATHENS

100%
Rerak-Zampou M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2014
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vol. 40
|
issue 3(153)
259-276
EN
The article focuses on the social integration of Polish adolescents residing in Athens and attempts to detect factors which influence this process. Data was gathered from two qualitative research projects - case studies - on social and school integration of young Polish citizens attending Polish and Greek high schools in Athens (2010), and on a Polish migrant family and its educational and migration strategies (2012). A qualitative perspective, utilizing semi-structured, in-depth interviews, was chosen in both studies. The paper begins with a short description of the migratory experiences of Greece and Poland, including a brief history of Polish immigration in Greece. It continues with a discussion about social integration and refers to the specific case of integration of migrant adolescents. Then it proceeds to the results of the two studies mentioned above, which indicate that the degree of social integration of Polish adolescents is variable and depends on the school that the young people attend, the extra-curricular activities they participate in, their Greek language competency, their social networks within the Greek population, and their parents’ socio-economic status. Important differences in the social integration between the groups of pupils from Greek and Polish high schools were observed.
17

IDENTITY AND CREATIVE PERSONALITY

100%
Sramova B., Fichnova K.
Studia Psychologica
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2008
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vol. 50
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issue 4
357-369
EN
The present paper discusses the relation between the adolescent identity and the features of creative personality. The concept of identity comes from Berzonsky who, according to the participation of cognitive strategies in identity construction, distinguished three basic processually oriented identity styles: informational, normative, diffuse/avoidant. This author devotes special attention to the extent of that part of formed identity that he calls 'commitment'. The creativity of personality also takes part as a factor in identity formation. The developing creative personality may reach identity redefinition sooner and avoid role diffusion. Goal: To identify how the selected adolescent personality traits contribute to identity construction and to determine the interrelation among the variables. Materials and methods: Identity style questionnaire (Berzonsky), WKOPAY (Khatena, Torrance). Results and conclusions: There is a mutual relationship among the traits of creative personality and adolescent identity styles. The selected traits of creative personality influence identity construction. 'Authority' acceptance and disciplined imagination contribute to identity formation in the sense of obligation. A lower degree of authority acceptance as well as of other personality traits supports the active formation of autonomous adolescent identity. Adolescents with their autonomous formed identity, who rely on themselves to a higher degree in their autonomous identity formation, reject authorities. Vice versa, adolescents with unformed identity tend to uncritical acceptance of the opinions and attitudes of those in authority.
18

The Distribution of Power in Families with a Young Adult and in Families with an Adolescent

100%
Jelonkiewicz I.
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
|
2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1(195)
125-159
EN
The aim of this study was to compare the structural characteristics of the family system (family power structure) in families with young adults and in families with adolescents. The study covered both the perceived and the desired power structure in the family, and its concurrence among family members (their own perceptions of power vs. the amount of power ascribed to other family members). Two groups of families were examined using self-report questionnaires: in 1997 - 124 families living in Warsaw with at least one child in a specified age range (19-25) and in 1999 - 207 families with at least one child aged 14-18. All family members were asked to fill out questionnaires at the same time during a session held at their home. The findings of the study indicate a clear power structure in the family. All family members (in both groups) perceived the family power structure in a similar way. The least amount of power was ascribed to the child, somewhat more power to the father, and the most to the mother. In the desired hierarchy of power, more power was ascribed to parents but at the same time all the family members would expect the child to have more power. In families with young adults all the family members were in agreement in their rating of power distribution in the family. In families with adolescents, a discrepancy between fathers and children was found.
19

Kinderrechte aus pädagogischer Perspektive

100%
Schwendemann W.
Studia z Teorii Wychowania
|
2012
|
issue 2(5)
31-48
EN
This article highlights the importance of the 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child for the education of children and adolescents. The Convention lays out the rights of children and adolescents in 54 articles and, for the first time in history, it emphasizes the fact that young persons are endowed with inalienable rights from the moment they are born and have, therefore, their own legal rights. With regards to pedagogy, the Convention also had an immediate impact on education since children and adolescents suddenly became the focus of their own learning processes.
20

OPTIMISM AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADOLESCENTS - BRATISLAVA SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS

88%
Jombikova E., Kovac D.
Studia Psychologica
|
2007
|
vol. 49
|
issue 4
347-356
EN
Key words are also characterized from the standpoint of the Slovak researchers; optimism from the research data of I. Sarmany Schuller and quality of life in the concept of one of the authors (D.K.). The presumed positive relation of optimism and quality of life was differentiated in the sample of adolescents of both sexes between 15-20 years (N = 321). Four methods were used: scales of life satisfaction (Diener et al.) and optimism-pessimism (Levy), a transformed Bern questionnaire of well-being (Grob et al.) and a short 'flow' scale (Rheinberg - Vollmayer). Older adolescents showed a lesser satisfaction with life; girls worry more about the health problems and relations with parents, teachers and friends than boys. Flow was continuously experienced only by 25%, frequently experienced by 14%. Several correlation analyses are made accessible.
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