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  1. 2 Dzieje Najnowsze

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  1. 2 2008

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  1. 1 Rafalska D.

  2. 1 Rogut D.

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1

REACHING OUT TO MEMBERS OF THE HOME ARMY ('PO PROSTU' IN 1956) (Na spotkanie akowcom ('Po prostu' w 1956 r.)

100%
Rafalska D.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2008
|
issue 3
95-107
EN
The communists who after the Second World War seized power in Poland regarded the Home Army and the Warsaw Uprising as extremely awkward topics. Consequently, the authorities aimed at deforming those two concepts by resorting to assorted propaganda measures. The heroic Warsaw insurgents became doomed to non-existence and were portrayed as the 'enemies of the people' and 'traitors inspired by the London government'. The post-war press mentioned members of the Home Army exclusively within such a context. The article 'Na spotkanie ludziom z AK' (Reaching Out to Men from the Home Army) by Jerzy Ambroziewicz, Walery Namiotkiewicz, and Jan Olszewski, published in March 1956 in the periodical 'Po prostu' (no. 11/373), broke the conspiracy of silence about a generation fighting in the Home Army ranks and initiated the probably most important historical discussion since the end of the war. The article can be regarded as a veritable breakthrough - it contains a vividly formulated postulate concerning the necessity of reassessing members of the Home Army and an unambiguously positive appraisal of their stand. The authors wrote outright that: 'The blood and toil of every soldier of the conspiracy should be measured the same'.
2

ESCAPES OF HOME ARMY SPLDIERS FROM A NKVD-MVD CAMP NO.178-454 IN RYAZAN (1945-1946) (Ucieczki zolnierzy Armii Krajowej z obozu NKWD-MWD nr 178-454 w Riazaniu (1945-1946)

80%
Rogut D.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2008
|
issue 3
79-93
EN
Well aware of the lack of support, the communists inaugurated their governance by resorting to repression and terror, and relied on the support of their Soviet ally. Three divisions of MVD armies, NKVD operational groups and 'Smersh' Counter–Intelligence, deployed against Polish society since the second half of 1944, initiated mass-scale arrests. The activity pursued by the NKVD de facto commenced the Soviet occupation of Polish lands. POW camp 178-454 was set up in Ryazan, about 180 kilometers to the southeast of Moscow. In 1944-1957 the inmates totalled 2 672 Poles and Polish citizens, the majority being Home Army soldiers and officers from Lvow, Wilno, Lublin, Bialystok and the environs of Warsaw, The prisoners also included Home Army commanders, including several hundred junior officers. All told, at least forty Poles escaped from the Ryazan camp, i.e. the largest number of inmates than in any other camp with Polish detainees. The camp also witnessed the greatest number of attempted escapes, carried out with the application of assorted variants.The majority failed, but this did not alter the fact that many inmates continued to attempt to flee the Soviet 'paradise'.
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