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1

Baśnie alpejskie (relacjami z podróży przeplatane)

100%
Jonca M.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
67-78
EN
The article is devoted to interpretations of several Alpine fairy tales from the collection Fairy tales from the mountains edited by Elena Chmelová. The aim is not only to delimit the themes present in the tales – typical of magical folk tales – but also to point out characteristic regional, ethnographic, topographic and landscape-related motifs associated with specific features of the various parts of the Alps (Pennine, Bernese, Urner, Glarus, Rhaetian, Allgäu, Provence Alps etc.). A “commentary” is provided by 19th century accounts of Polish travellers.
2

Czytankowe Alpy

100%
Michułka D.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
109-125
EN
Storybook texts dealing with the Alps show how the presentation of the mountains evolved – from the romantic convention associated with an atmosphere of excitation and emotions as well as longing for homeland landscapes (e.g. Słowacki’s letter From the Swiss mountains or the poetic novel On the Zurich lake) to positivist approaches to Alpine spaces – sober, realistic, matter-of-fact, resembling tourist guides (e.g. Life in the mountains, Building a house in the Upper Styria Alps). School stories often referred to – also for the sake of comparison – Poland’s Tatra Mountains, which, according to the authors of textbooks, were an idyllic land, a true Arcadia. However, the Alpine storybooks did not idealise the image of the mountains and the life of the people living there; they contained a lot of information, providing young readers with geographical and cultural knowledge. The prime objective of the protagonists – people living in the mountains – was simply to survive. The protagonists of school textbooks were ordinary inhabitants of Alpine villages or tourists travelling with guides. The plot was replaced by a narrative based on the travellers’ routes, which corresponded to trails presented in professional guidebooks. The texts were dominated by encyclopaedic knowledge. The textbook descriptions of the Swiss mountains emphasise socio-ethnographic and cultural themes, while the “mountain dangers” usually refer to everyday life and ordinary survival. Thus, these works complement the school’s moral and educational paradigm.
3

Szwajcaria i Alpy w legendzie kościuszkowskiej

100%
Grzęda E.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
29-44
EN
Switzerland, perceived as the last European haven of freedom and an Alpine country with ideal natural conditions making it possible to present its image in accordance with the Arcadian convention and the bucolic tradition closely related to it, occupies a separate place in the Kościuszko legend. The very fact that the Commander spent the last years of his life in the land of the famous Tell and that he died there could be a basis for the authors of the Kościuszko myth to attach special significance to this area. In this context, both the history, politics, society and the landscape of Helvetia acquired symbolic status. The pastoral myth, which was the basis of Swiss democratic aspirations, the legends of Tell and Winkelried, as emblems of the confederation system, as well as the monumental nature of the high mountain landscape, created a good context for giving Kościuszko’s image heroic stature, because they corresponded ideally to his personality. Other important elements of the Kościuszko legend included Solothurn and Xavier Zeltner. As early as the first half of the 19th century both the image of the city and Zeltner’s generosity became a permanent part of the Kościuszko tradition. Its Swiss Alpine aspect is thus one of the most important components that determine the transborder and solidarity-related nature of this myth.
4

„…te góry, co się chmurami wieńczą…”. Alpejskim szlakiem Łucji z książąt Giedroyciów Rautenstrauchowej

100%
Mesjasz M.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
89-99
EN
The article describes an 1844 romantic trip through the Alps by the Polish writer Łucja Rautenstrauch from the princely family of Giedroyć (1798–1886), an account of which was later included in the memoirs In the Alps and beyond the Alps (1847). The author has established the route followed by the traveller: from Grenoble through the Chartreuse Mountains to La Grande Chartreuse, and from there to Geneva, Coppet and Ferney, then back to Montmélian from the Simplon Pass and through the Great St Bernard Pass, Maurienne Valley and Mont Cenis Pass to Turin. He demonstrates that Łucja Rautenstrauch often followed routes marked by famous events and distinguished people, choosing sites associated with such figures as Napoleon I, Voltaire, de Staël and Rousseau or with well-known literary works (The New Heloise, The Prisoner of Chillon). In her memoirs Rautenstrauch described the conditions and ways of travelling, local inhabitants (highlanders but also midgets, people affected by cretinism, a congenital disease) as well as Alpine nature. She paid particular attention to views of streams and rivers, precipices, ruins, sunsets, valleys, mountain passes and Mont Blanc, stressing, first of all, the wildness and danger of the mountains. In the Alps and beyond the Alps is thus an expression of the Romantic vogue for travelling, presenting an original image of the Alps in Polish literature – an image presented from the point of view of a woman.
5

Alpejska przestrzeń grozy w opowiadaniu E.F. Bensona

100%
Kubicka H.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
127-137
EN
The article presents the image of the Alps in the work of the British writer Edward Frederick Benson. The author focuses in her reflections on Benson’s story The Horror-Horn, still unpublished in Poland, one of the first works which feature an icon of popular culture: the abominable snowman. In his story Benson depicts the Alps in accordance with a convention typical of horror literature, though the descriptions of mountain peaks have their roots also in the folk tradition or in mythological images. An analysis illustrating Benson’s “Alpine horror” mechanism is complemented by a fragment of The Horror-Horn translated into Polish.
6

Alpy w twórczości poetów i pisarzy litewskich. Prolegomena

100%
Naruniec E.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
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2010
|
vol. 5
139-150
EN
The Alps played an important part in the work of Lithuanian authors. By travelling to Switzerland, they became acquainted with Western culture, acquired knowledge at prestigious universities and admired the picturesque views of the highest mountains of Europe, which they would later describe in their work. What is also important is the fact that the Swiss and Alpine landscapes would bring to the minds of the poets and writers interested in them reflections on Lithuania. For several generations it became a constant point of reference, very important and necessary during the fight for national identity. References to Lithuanian images set against the background of foreign, though valued landscapes well-known in Europe were perhaps attempts to draw people’s attention to the beauty of Lithuania in a broader perspective of the continent, to elevate a territory located on its peripheries.
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