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EN
The author has examined colonization processes in the height of the Middle Ages, when Germans and Slavs lived as neighbours and co-operated in various ways, in the Old March, which bordered on Wendland, and exactly in the village district of Salzwedel lying on the outskirts of the historic Old Brandenburg March. The Slavic population in the territories east of Salzwedel, settled by the Slavs long before, was, during the colonization conducted by the Ascanians integrated with the German population and relatively quickly Germanized. The moraine areas west of Salzwedel were colonized as late as the beginning of the 12th century by the Slavs brought there by great landowners. A rather archaic system of tributes and taxes was observed there and there is evidence corroborating semi-free status of the Slavic population. It was a condition for their longer survival in the area. Only after the great plague and depopulation in the 14th century, the country folk received equal legal rights. There is no information about the Slavs or the Slavic law in the 15th century. However, in the 14th century, in the town of Salzwedel, there is a marked reluctance to accept the influx of the Slavic population. What is interesting, not a language or customs were considered as criteria, but the origin traced as far back as the second generation! In this way, Slavic origin became a category burdened with almost racist connotations. (Original paper published with the German summary)
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