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1

ANAXIMANDER AND THE MULTIPLE SUCCESSIVE WORLDS THESIS

100%
Panayides C. Y.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2010
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vol. 17
|
issue 3
288-302
EN
Many commentators suppose that Anaximander subscribes to a multiple worlds thesis. In particular, they assume that: either Anaximander accepts that there are innumerable co-existent worlds, or he accepts that there are innumerable successive worlds. The first of these interpretations has been shown to be problematic. In this discussion note the author presents two new arguments against the multiple successive worlds reading of Anaximander, with the intent to buttress a single world reconstruction of his cosmology.
2

HRANICE ANAXIMANDROVA UNIVERZA

100%
Kočandrle R.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2023
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vol. 78
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issue 1
25 – 39
EN
When trying to reconstruct the cosmology of Anaximander of Miletus, one of the challenges is the issue of whether he assumed that universe to have some concrete boundaries. In particular, it is unclear whether heaven, in addition to being identical with the area of the sky, also formed the boundary of the universe. To wit, given that Anaximander allegedly said the ‘origin’ of existing things was the ‘boundless’, one might assume he viewed the universe as boundless, open. In contrast, for other archaic Ionian thinkers one can suppose they viewed the universe as closed, because the Earth formed the lower boundary of the universe and heaven its upper boundary. Although Anaximander’s conception in many respects differed from theirs, one could argue that his universe was similarly closed. This hypothesis finds support especially in the concept of ‘surrounding’, which appears in Anaximander’s thoughts in many areas and expresses the constitution of various phenomena. Therefore it seems likely that it might also apply to defining the boundaries of the universe. Nonetheless, given the uniqueness of Anaximander’s universe, which consisted of Earth in the middle of circles of heavenly bodies that passed even under it, later reports on his theories focused mainly on describing this centre of the universe. Although the shape of a column is a tempting candidate, surviving sources do not provide enough evidence to help us identify the shape of Anaximander’s universe with any certainty.
3

HEIDEGGER A GRÉCKI MYSLITELIA

75%
Leško V.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 3
194 – 204
EN
The paper deals with Heidegger’s separating the pre-socratic thinkers (namely Heraclitus and Parmenides) from the other Greek philosophers in his lecture What is philosophy? The reason is to be seen in that the former still lived in harmony with the original Greek conceiving of Being. Since Plato and Aristotle the philosophers have been gradually forgetting the Being and concentrated exclusively on existence (Dasein). However, this Heidegger’s hypothesis is not supported by any profound philosophical researches. He is searching for a philosophical answer to his own philosophical question in the lecture, an answer which he never found. Therefore, in his later writings he gave up trying to resolve the question of Being.
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