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1

„VŠETKO PATRÍ MÚDRYM“: BLASFÉMIA, ALEBO UTÓPIA?

100%
Cepko J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2016
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vol. 71
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issue 2
131 – 140
EN
In the fragment SSR V B 353, some ancient testimonies are collected concerning a syllogism attributed to Diogenes the Cynic: „Everything belongs to the gods. The wise are friends of the gods. Friends have things in common. Therefore, everything belongs to the wise.“ The present article deals with the background of this argument. It focuses on the main characteristics of Diogenian rhetoric and analyses the content of the syllogism in the context of the Cynic’s religious and political views. When other testimonies about Diogenes are taken into account, it is clear that both of these topics converge in the figure of the sage, who with his self-sufficiency aspires to similarity with god and, at the same time, considers himself a part of community of those who think likewise.
2

KRATÉTOVA KYNICKÁ UTÓPIA

100%
Cepko J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2017
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vol. 72
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issue 2
92 – 102
EN
The extant writings of Crates the Cynic include a poem about a city called Travelling Bag (Pera). It is a peculiar example of uniting the Cynic literary expression (tropos) with Cynic way of life (bios). The paper focuses on two aspects of the poem. The first one concerns the poem’s form: It shows the tendency to parody the poetic authority (Homer), mixing jest with seriousness. The second one, concerning its content, deals with the Cynic “political” views and elucidates the progress from Diogenian topics (self-sufficiency, life in accordance with nature) to new, Cratetian issues (philanthropy, voluntary poverty, disapproval of war). However, the underlying motivation remains Socratic, namely philosophy as a means helping the human community to achieve practical wisdom.
3

VZŤAH MEDZI KYNIZMOM A CYNIZMOM

100%
Flachbartová L.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 6
522-534
EN
The paper examines the relationship between ancient Cynicism and his modern counterpart - cynicism. Ancient Cynicism is a strictly ethical way of life, while modern cynicism despises all ethical values. Ancient Cynicism is said to be a 'shortest way to virtue' and is characterized by its commitment to a life in agreement with nature, radical freedom, self-sufficiency and by the absence of philosophical theory in favour of practical, lived philosophy. Modern cynicism is a result of a long lasting history of interpreting and misunderstanding of ancient Cynicism (mainly the Cynic's life in agreement with nature and his ascetic practices, which were often seen as a crude shamelessness). However, cynicism is the consequence of 'the unfulfilled promises' of Enlightenment. It is a reason turned against reason itself. The paper offers a brief history of the reception of Cynicism on its way toward the modern cynicism.
4

ATOPIA – MIESTO KYNIKA VO SVETE

88%
Cepko J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2020
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vol. 75
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issue 3
170 – 182
EN
The paper proposes a new interpretation of Cynic cosmopolitanism as a consequence of the philosophical way of life. Its characteristic of being “atopon” – “out of place”, meaning strange and at the same time not bound to a particular space, offers a possibility to explain the theoretic concept of cosmopolitanism by means of a practical stance. Moreover, the “strangeness” of philosophical life shows a fundamental link between Socrates’ and Diogenes’ philosophy.
5

ODVAHA K PRAVDE: FOUCAULT A KYNICI

88%
Suvák V.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2017
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vol. 72
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issue 6
429 - 439
EN
The article goes back to Foucault’s last course at the College de France (Le courage de la verite). Two issues are its focus: (1) Socratic conception of philosophy as a way of life; (2) Cynic conception of the true life. Foucault used Cynics’ thought as an example of an alternative approach to the history of subjectivity, which in turn could help us in our searching for modern ways of constituting the ethical subject.
6

ŠTÝLY JESTVOVANIA: PRAVDIVÝ ŽIVOT A INÝ SVET. NÁVRAT K ANTICKÉMU KYNIZMU V EURÓPSKEJ FILOZOFII 20. STOROČIA

63%
Sokolová J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 6
558-570
EN
The problem of true life has been central in the history of our philosophical and spiritual thought (Foucault), though it plays a much less important role in contemporary thought. The article presents a framework for understanding the comeback of philosophical interest in ancient Cynicism by situating it in the contemporary context of reconsidering the question of true life. The article explores the links between that comeback and the post-war debates about the modernity project and the Enlightenment's unfulfilled promises. The role played by the interpretations of ancient Cynicism in some recent attempts to rethink ethics and the project of social critique is examined as well. Through the prism of Michel Foucault's final lectures on the question of parrhésia, the article looks at the Cynic style of existence as an approach to truth alternative to Platonism and one that posits a wholly different relationship between truth and the other world.
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