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KOSTENÁ A PAROHOVÁ INDUSTRIA Z VÝŠINNÉHO OPEVNENÉHO SÍDLISKA V SPIŠSKOM ŠTVRTKU

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Oravkinová D., Hromadová B., Vlačiky M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 1
23 – 80
EN
The artifacts made of bone and antler were a significant part of material culture during Early Bronze Age in the area of Carpathian Basin. They reflect whole range of aspects connected with past communities, e. g. economy, social organisation, relationship with the natural environment, relations among different social units, trade contacts, their intensity and direction, the scale of production, its organisation and quality etc. The main purpose of this paper is to infer partly those aspects on example of artifacts founded in the area of fortified settlement in Spišský Štvrtok, which is generally dated to Otomani-Füzesabony cultural complex. Within the meaning of contextual approach, all artefacts were subjected to zoological analysis for the purpose of determination of animal species and anatomic location. Applying macro- and microscopic technological-morphological analysis on chosen objects, we are able to distinguish manufacturing and functional traces as well as to identify production characteristics, techniques, methods, probable toolkit and function. Acquired knowledge was used for reconstruction of operational sequences separately for bone and antler artefacts. Those connected with morphological and typological classification in the context of analogical finds provide important information about status and meaning of bone and antler artifacts in techno-complex in selected period and space. On example of the collection from Spišský Štvrtok, we are able to define strategies of raw material section, production techniques and methods with potential chronological informative value, scale and quality of production, necessary toolkit for production. Those are analyzed in the context of settlement itself in addition to the context of the end of Early Bronze Age in Carpathian Basin.
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