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Koszt kapitalu wlasnego – dylematy wyceny

100%
Franc-Dabrowska J., Kobus P.
Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej
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2012
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issue 1(330)
77-89
EN
The study undertakes to consider the nature of equity capital in view of transaction costs theory. Empirical tests have been conducted among agricultural entrepreneurs, followed by the construction of binary models, in order to put under scrutiny the research hypothesis that equity capital cost is null. The practitioners in the field do not share a common view on the need to estimate the equity capital cost and its level. It has been concluded that equity capital cost should be approached as a transaction cost stemming from the rarity of the benefit of the equity capital, and, as a resource, used more efficiently, involving, as a consequence, the application of the original function of ownership rights.
2

Coping after myocardial infarction. The mediational effects of positive and negative emotions

100%
Gruszczynska E., Kroemeke A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2009
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vol. 40
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issue 1
38-45
EN
The aim of the study was to examine mediational effects of positive and negative emotions (PEs and NEs) on the relationship between cognitive appraisal and coping after myocardial infarction (MI). Subjects were 163 patients assessed a few days after their first MI episode for cognitive appraisal using the Situation Appraisal Questionnaire developed by Wrzesniewski and based on the Lazarus theory. The participants' current emotional state and coping strategies were evaluated with Polish versions of the PANAS and CISS-S, respectively. The data were analyzed using the boostrapping procedure. Resultant models turned out to be similar for threat and loss appraisal, where PEs mediated task-oriented coping, while NEs were found to mediate emotion-oriented coping. A different relationship was found for challenge. Due to a significant intercorrelation among appraisals, mediational models for threat and loss were re-analyzed when controlling for challenge. Nevertheless, even if a situation is perceived as highly stressful, both positive and negative emotions can emerge, resulting in strategies that serve different functions to meet external and internal demands.
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