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Princip individuace materiálních jsoucen v díle Tomáše Akvinského

100%
Svoboda D.
Studia theologica
|
2010
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vol. 12
|
issue 1
21-37
EN
The paper deals with Aquinas' concept of the individuation of material beings. The author tries to show that Aquinas throughout his whole scholarly career held the view that designated matter is the principle of individuation for corporeal beings. However, Aquinas had changed (many times) his view concerning the kind of dimensions involved in individuation, i.e. dimensions that make matter to be undivided. The author turns to a number of texts where Aquinas addresses the problem in order to show his changes of view and in order to properly elucidate Aquinas' solution.
2

Pożądanie a intelekt według św. Tomasza z Akwinu

100%
Swiecki P. M.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
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2010
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vol. 46
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issue 2
182-207
EN
The subject of the paper is appetite and its role in human intellectual cognition. The analysis is based on St. Thomas Aquinas' works, especially on his 'Summa Theologiae' and 'Quaestiones disputatae de veritate'. Only intellect and will, powers of the rational part of soul, are considered. According to Aquinas, the presence of appetite on this level is not limited to free acts of will. Appetite can be found in the very structure of these powers - in both intellect and will there is a natural appetite, which inclines them to acting. These powers naturally desire: to cognize the truth, and the object of cognition as such. Consequently, there are three types of appetite that influence the acts of intellect: free acts of will, natural appetite of will, and natural appetite of intellect. Their essence, mutual relations, and their influence on intellect are discussed. It is shown that according to Aquinas the natural appetite of intellect and will enables any cognitive activity.
3

Kosmologia dojrzałego średniowiecza

100%
Karas M.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
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2010
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vol. 46
|
issue 1
196-206
EN
The article deals with cosmology and natural philosophy in the Middle Ages. The author focuses on cosmology of the late Middle Ages, and presents a structure of the cosmos, which was based on Aristotle's philosophy as seen from a Christian perspective. What is particularly important for the history of science, is the methodology of this vision of the world, a belief in the hierarchical order of the whole cosmos, and confidence in human cognitive capacity.
4
Content available remote

ABSOLUTNĚ UVAŽOVANÁ PŘIROZENOST. PETR FONSECA A JEHO VÝZNAMNÍ STŘEDOVĚCÍ PŘEDCHŮDCI

88%
Svoboda D.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 4
102–126
EN
The paper deals with the issue of absolutely considered nature in the work of the early Modern Portuguese scholar philosopher Pedro de Fonseca. His doctrine is set out within the context of three influential medieval concepts (Avicenna, Aquinas, Duns Scotus) and all the theories are compared with one another. Fonseca’s concept, in which nature of itself has an actual unity of precision and actual universality, is found to be ontologically less sober.
5

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSLATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL COMMUNITY (Filosofs'kyi pereklad I filosofs'ka spail'nota)

63%
Khoma O.
Філософська Думка
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2010
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issue 3
49-66
EN
Philosophical translation is one of a philosophical culture's constitutive elements. The specific characters of a philosophical community's historical situation determine a characteristic features of a philosophical translations, as well as the criterions of the translation's 'exactness' and the 'adequacy'. In the article, there are confronted the historical situations of French ('post-scholastic) and Ukrainian ('post-soviet') philosophical communities. The author notes following comparative characters of the Ukrainian philosophical community's contemporary historical situation: 1) significantly more deep rupture with the previous tradition; 2) isolation from contemporary out-philosophical sources of philosophical ideas' importance and from the world philosophical process of the time; 3) significantly more high (than in the 17th cent.) status of the history of philosophy as one of the most important philosophical culture's sources; 4) decline of the educational institutions; 5) post-colonial stereotypes which put obstacles in the way of the Ukrainian philosophical language's formation. The author analyses the situation and the perspectives of contemporary Ukrainian philosophical translation. Our philosophical community needs today considerably more developed terminological and conceptual resource for the history of philosophy which must to overcome the soviet positivism's heritage and pay attention to the history of terms. The matter is to examine any historical object ('scholasticism', 'rationalism', 'aristotelianism' etc.) first of all by way of the terminological systems and respective semantic nets.
6

Charakterystyczne elementy metafizyki Awerroesa w łacińskiej wersji jego komentarza do księgi Z Metafizyki Arystotelesa

63%
Milcarek P.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
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2010
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vol. 46
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issue 2
165-181
EN
Averroes and Aquinas have different manners to solve the question of subject. For Averroes the subject is a particular 'carrier' of universal nature. For Aquinas it is an essential subject for accidental features. Both metaphysics are based on Aristotle's texts. Averroes preferred the latest stage of Stagirite's thought, from 'Metaphysica Z', with forma-quidditas as 'prima substantia'. However Aquinas preferred early Aristotle from 'Cathegoriae', with individual being as primary substance.
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