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EN
Welfare states in Europe and across the Atlantic introduced various social policies aiming at integrating refugees or facilitating their self-sufficiency. Since the beginning of 2015 when the so called “refugee crisis” started in Europe and anti-refugee rhetoric appeared in public discourse, these policies became jeopardized. Surprisingly, only a handful of studies provide evidence on how these policies operate amidst the current political conditions. Even fewer deliver comparative evidence from different countries. This article aims to address this gap using qualitative comparative case study design and interpretative policy analysis. It answers how asylum and social policies have been shaped and delivered in countries as different as the United States and Poland, including the context of the 2015 and 2016 political shifts. This article argues that despite being shaped and delivered differently, some of the current framing and shaping of the policies are similar and can have parallel outcomes for refugee communities and organizations assisting them. Chances for upward mobility for refugees can decrease and income and social inequalities may deepen.
EN
The 2015 refugee crisis – as the mass influx of migrants from the Middle East is commonly dubbed – tested the European Union’s ability to react to large-scale humanitarian emergencies. Apart from various organizational, social and political changes that the 2015 refugee crisis has brought to the European Union, it has also marked the growing role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the EU’s asylum and migration policies. Drawing from the critical perspective of international relations and such concepts as securitization of migration, the paper aims to analyse the engagement of ICT by EU institutions and individual Member States during the refugee crisis in 2015.
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