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1

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAIN EFFECTS AND SIDE EFFECTS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE KNOBE EFFECT

100%
Waleszczyński A., Obidziński M., Rejewska J.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2019
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vol. 26
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issue 2
228 – 248
EN
The characteristic asymmetry in ascribing intentionality, known as the Knobe effect, is widely thought to result from the moral evaluation of the side effect. Existing research has focused mostly on elucidating the ordinary meaning of the notion of intentionality, while less effort has been devoted to the moral conditions associated with the analysed scenarios. The current analysis of the moral properties of the main and side effects, as well as of the moral evaluations of the relationship between them, sheds new light on the influence of moral considerations on the attribution of intentionality in the Knobe effect. The moral evaluation of the relationship between the main and side effects is significant in that under certain circumstances it cancels asymmetry in intentionality ascription.
2

SYMETRIA A ASYMETRIA VO VZŤAHU SLABIKY A MORFÉMY V SLOVENČINE

88%
Sabol J., Ivančová L.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2014
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vol. 79
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issue 3-4
131 - 144
EN
A theoretical-methodological starting point of the study is the relation of symmetry and asymmetry of language-semiotic units initiating two central semiotic substances – iconic-symbolic (with the symmetry between form and content) and arbitrary (with the “inherited” symmetry but predominantly with the asymmetry between form and content) semiotic principle from which basic binary oppositions in the language system creating intersection sets (motivating character – absence of motivation, associativeness – linearity, paradigmatic – syntagmatic nature, simultaneity – successiveness, etc.) are derived. Based on statistical research, the relation between symmetry and asymmetry is studied at “the lowest” surface of the language structure, namely between the syllable, a complex phonic unit from the area of form, and the morpheme, the smallest semantic unit of the language system. The examined material (4924 syllables and 6113 morphemes and sub-morphemes in a continual text) has shown that in the contemporary Slovak there is about one quarter of syllables in the symmetric relation with the morphemes.
3

TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL ACCOUNT OF ASYMMETRY IN NON-CAUSAL EXPLANATIONS

88%
Zámečník L.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2021
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vol. 76
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issue 6
407 – 422
EN
In this paper, I provide a conceptual analysis of the issue of asymmetry in non-causal explanations. I aim to fulfil three sub-tasks: 1) To define a conceptual space for problem solving (Cf. Reutlinger and Saatsi 2018; Lange 2017); 2) To reflect ongoing debates (Cf. Jansson and Saatsi 2019; Lange 2019; Khalifa et al. 2018); 3) To reflect a model of topological explanation (Cf. Kostić 2020). I focus only on non-causal explanations in the context of scientific research. I formulate several counter-arguments against distinctively mathematical explanations. I reflect the ongoing debate on the question of the universal applicability of a counterfactual solution to the problem of asymmetry for both causal and non-causal explanations (Cf. Woodward 2018). I reveal that none of the approaches discussed is without problems and that the proposed solutions to them are unsatisfactory. I consider the model of topological explanation in Kostić's view to be the most cogent solution to the discussed problem. His model successfully incorporates a counterfactual approach and also offers a solution to the problem of explanation asymmetry in non-causal explanations from a pragmatic point of view.
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