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1

Avicebron - A Giant of Circumstances in Existential Metaphysic

100%
Milcarek P.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
|
2007
|
vol. 16
|
issue 1(61)
123-137
EN
Avicebron deserves the appelation 'a giant of circumstances in existential metaphysics' because he neither proposed to hold a distinction between essence and existence, nor did he try to abolish it. In this sense his teaching was impoprtant but adventitious for the history of some philosophical ideas. Avicebron made an important contribution to the creation of a new theory. His original and controversial thought was frequently discussed by Franciscan theologians of Paris and seemed to be of interest to Thomas Aquinas. The inventive aspect of his thought consisted in the proposal to challenge the idea that potentiality is indistibnguishable from matter, or, in more concrete terms, that potentiality was to be identified with bodies. Avicebron put forward that potentiality can also reside in angels and in rational spirits. However, this assumption in turn led him, along with a number of his followers, to the belief that there existed various kinds of non-corporeal matter. This specific assertion drew attention of Thomas Aquinas who observed that the concept of potentiality is wider than the concept of matter, and, consequently, some form of potentiality may have nothing to do with matter at all. Furthermore this proposal was complemented in Aquinas with two theses - first, that, as can be found in Avicenna, existence is different from essense, and secondly, that, as had been upheld by Aristotle, actuality is different from potentiality. By combining these three beliefs Thomas Aquinas could formulate a thought which proved fundamental for the entire Christian philosophy that God as the essence of being by possessing full being wheras other things exist only by participation in him. In this way Avicebron helped in the formulation of the most important metaphysical thesis of Thomas Aquinas.
2

AVICEBRONOV PRAMEŇ ŽIVOTA A ALBERT VEĽKÝ

63%
Mičaninová M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2010
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vol. 65
|
issue 2
161-169
EN
The medieval Christian philosophy was influenced by the translations of the writings by the ancient philosophers from Arabic into Latin. Among them was also 'Liber de causis' by Avicebron. In his commentary Albert the Great examines Avicebron's theory of universal matter and universal form, offering his own interpretation of the latter. The conclusions of the author's analysis of the Albert's commentary are as follows: 1. In Albert's commentary the theory of Avicebron is not represented adequately. 2. Albert's objections against Avicebron's theory are not identical with his approach to Platonism in general. 3. Dividing philosophers into two groups, Platonists and Aristotelians, as usually found in contemporary analyses, can not be applied when analyzing Albert's commentary, while the two approaches differ substantially.
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