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PROBLEMATICKÉ UZLY DISKUZE O OSOVÉ DOBĚ: PŘÍKLAD ZOROASTRISMU

100%

Soukalová K.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2015

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vol. 18

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issue 3

-

EN

The article is discussed problematic aspects of Axial Age. To start with, there is a general description of Axial Age, followed by the illustration of its most important aspects, especially many cultural and spiritual changes which occurred in this period. In particular, one of the most problematic aspects is discussed – the case of Zoroastrianism. The question whether Zoroastrianism could be considered in the context of Axial Age is discussed. It is not clear at all whether it is a new or transformed religion if what we know about Zarathustra’s teaching is really what he said. There is a strong uncertainty about this problematic aspect because of a lack of sources. Nevertheless, we can find significant links to Zoroastrianism considered as part of Axial Age and Persia as axial civilization despite the absence of sources. The ethical and moral aspects of Zoroastrianic idea are also emphasized because of the rise of new cultural ontology, new spiritual ways, new vision of world; thus, new ways of understanding world which lead to new rules of human behaviour and of social life not only in Zoroastrianism but in Axial Age generally. These are the most important aspects of Zarathustra’s doctrine because as a prophet he established morality, decency, and ethic as the core parts of his main ideas which have to be expressed in good thoughts, good words and good deeds.

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The concept 'axial age' or new light on the question of globalization

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Szakolczai A.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

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2004

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issue 1

36-65

EN

The aim of this paper is to shed new light on the question of globalization, using the concept 'axis time' or 'axial age', coined by Jaspers, and developed further by Eric Voegelin and Shmuel Eisenstadt. It argues that the current processes of globalization can be better understood through the developments of the 'first global age', the age of the world-conquering empires (Persian, Macedonian and Roman). Using contemporary work in comparative anthropology and mythology, especially by Victor Turner (liminality) and Rene Girard (sacrificial crisis), it reconstructs axial age thought and spirituality, from classical Hebrew prophecy and the pre-Socratic philosophy to Buddha and Plato as attempted responses given to the liminal crisis of the age of empire-building, focusing on the restoration of measure. In its last section the paper argues that the sociologically effective response to the crisis was given by the rise of Christianity, as it managed to reverse the spiraling movement of violence and conquest by an opposite type of spiral, based on grace and gift-giving.

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BÉLA HAMVAS’S CONCEPT OF AUTHENTIC TRADITION IN EUROPEAN CONTEXT

88%

Mester B.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2020

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vol. 75

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issue 1

28 – 39

EN

A basic element of Béla Hamvas’s philosophy of crisis is an experiment for the reconstruction of the authentic tradition. Hamvas’s concept of tradition has significant parallelism with Karl Jaspers’ theory of axial age. This paper offers an analysis of the parallelism between Hamvas’s ideas about the sacred books as fragments of the unwritten ancestral tradition of the humankind and Jaspers’ theory about the foundations of the unity of humankind in the works written in the axial age. Assmann’s theory of cultural memory will be used in the present writing as a theoretical frame of this comparison. By the hypothesis of this paper, a common element in the topics of German and Hungarian thinkers is the transition of the cultural memory from the ritual to the textual coherence, clarified by Assmann’s theory. In the last part of this paper it will be exemplified that Hamvas’s endeavour for the canonisation of the unwritten ancestral tradition in written form by his commented edition of Confucius’ Lunyu.

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1 Filozofia (Philosophy)

1 Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

1 Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

1 2020

1 2015

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1 Mester B.

1 Soukalová K.

1 Szakolczai A.

PROBLEMATICKÉ UZLY DISKUZE O OSOVÉ DOBĚ: PŘÍKLAD ZOROASTRISMU

The concept 'axial age' or new light on the question of globalization

BÉLA HAMVAS’S CONCEPT OF AUTHENTIC TRADITION IN EUROPEAN CONTEXT