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Non omne, quod nitet, aurum est. Kilka refeksji dotyczących kontrowersyjności mocarstw afrykańskich

100%
Stańczyk-Minkiewicz M.
Forum Politologiczne
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2012
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vol. 13 - "Stare" i "nowe" mocarstwa w Afryce - stygmaty kulturowe, religijne, polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne
43-59
EN
The main topic of the article is the attempt to define the possible extent of power of the African states in terms of the present various and often-contradictory factors. On one hand each and everyday the news of the constant threat of the terrorism, the organized crime, the human rights violation or the famine reach all the actors of the global arena. On the other hand though we can observe that the processes developing on the continent can be characterized as the growing and it has become increasingly easy to point out more and more countries where both the political and economic situation becomes more stable. That is precisely why some of those countries in Africa can already be characterized as the "powers". We must though precisely answer the question whether it is possible to interchangeably define the power of the various countries of Africa while analyzing them through the prism of the everyday problems and current threats. What if we use the term power? Are we then capable of comparing it with the other countries of such qualities in Europe and America or other parts of the globe? In terms of the possibility of using the territorial and population potential and the economic growth the countries like South Africa or Nigeria are far from the powers of the other continents. That is why when categorizing the mentioned states as the powers one must change the point of view and use the special criteria developed especially for this region of Africa. Amid the fallen states those two seem to be true powers indeed yet they cannot stand the comparison with the other powers of the other continents. It is the background of far less prominent countries of the continent that makes them a power and not the true indicators.
2
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Plemienność i demokracja w Afryce (na przykładzie Konga-Brazzaville)

80%
Matsili B.
Forum Politologiczne
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2011
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vol. 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
567-585
EN
Tribalism and democracy could not exclude each other. Democracy in pure sense means power of nation. In the case of African states, including Congo-Brazzaville, the term „nation" should be properly defined and nation should get consciousness itself. In Congo-Brazzaville the nation consists of 76 tribes, including Pigmy. To stabilise the state and to create truly countrywide character of the nation every tribe should be appreciated and taken into consideration. It means that, in political system should function authority/body which represents all tribes what means whole nation. There- fore the mechanism of corule of all tribes in Congo-Brazzaville is needed as well as other mechanisms of co-rule in the state. „The synarchy" that is co-rule of the tribes should be established. And it is not important if it will be named synergic democracy or multi-ethnic democracy.
3
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O afrykańskim stanie rzeczy. Analiza teorii systemu autorstwa Paulina J. Hountondji'ego

80%
Trzciński K.
Forum Politologiczne
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2011
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vol. 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
393-413
EN
This article treats on the system theory proposed by a Beninese philosopher Paulin J. Hountondji to explain in part a bad condition of African societies and states. According to Hountondji a socio- political state of affairs in a typical African state is characterized by a serious malfunction of state institutions and highly imperfect organization of day-to-day life of Africans. Hountondji criticizes numerous shortcomings of life in African states, including institutional inertia, senseless activities, waste of time, energy, and health of Africans. The Beninese philosopher is looking for some hidden, system basis for the mentioned characteristics. The aim of this article is to describe Hountondji's views, underline their value, but also analyze them in a critical way.
4
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Mobile money services development: the case of Africa

51%
Mitręga-Niestrój K., Puszer B., Szewczyk Ł.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2018
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vol. 356
78-96
EN
The aim of this study is to assess mobile money services market developments in Africa in recent years in comparison to other parts of the world, with particular reference to mobile payments. The empirical research question is to find out what is the state of development of the mobile money services, especially mobile payments, in Africa compared to other regions of the world. Nowadays, the mobile money services, including mobile payments, are developing very fast in Africa, comparing not only to other developing countries but also developed ones. The potential of mobile money services to bring access to financial services is observed in the developing world. The key findings show that in Africa the growing number of mobile money services, including mobile payments, can be seen. It is important to say that Africa is in the centre of high development in the area of mobile payments, due to numerous reasons, e.g. the growing use of mobile phones. Africa is the leader in mobile money, which has become an important element of Africa’s everyday life. Furthermore, mobile money services can become the driving force for growth of the domestic economies. There are still very diverse situations between African countries and the local markets vary widely, therefore, it is hard to obtain more specific data concerning to mobile payments problem. The paper is based on both literature studies and analysis of statistical data concerning the key aspects of the problem covered by the study.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ocena rozwoju rynku usług pieniądza mobilnego w Afryce w ostatnich latach w porównaniu z innymi częściami świata, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem płatności mobilnych. Głównym pytaniem badawczym jest ustalenie, jaki jest stan rozwoju mobilnych usług finansowych, zwłaszcza płatności mobilnych, w Afryce w porównaniu z innymi regionami świata. Obecnie usługi mobilnego pieniądza, w tym płatności mobilnych, rozwijają się w Afryce bardzo szybko, w porównaniu nie tylko z innymi krajami rozwijającymi się, ale również rozwiniętymi. Pieniądz mobilny ma bardzo duży potencjał w obszarze zapewnienia dostępu do usług finansowych w krajach rozwijających się. Kluczowe wnioski wskazują, że w Afryce można zaobserwować rosnącą liczbę usług związanych z mobilnym pieniądzem, w tym płatności mobilnych. Należy podkreślić, że kontynent afrykański jest współcześnie „centrum rozwoju” płatności mobilnych, z wielu powodów, m.in. rosnącej liczby użytkowników telefonów komórkowych. Usługi pieniądza mobilnego, stały się ważnym elementem codziennego życia w Afrykańczyków. Co więcej, usługi mobilnego pieniądza mogą stać się siłą napędową wzrostu krajowych gospodarek. Nadal występują wyraźne różnice w rozwoju usług mobile money między państwami afrykańskimi i wciąż trudno jest uzyskać bardziej szczegółowe dane dotyczące tego rynku. Artykuł opiera się zarówno na badaniach literaturowych, jak i na analizie danych statystycznych dotyczących kluczowych aspektów problemu objętego badaniem.
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