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The applications of airborne laser scanning in archaeology

100%
Hanus K.
Studies in Ancient Art and Civilization
|
2012
|
vol. 16
233-248
EN
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a new tool that has been changing aerial archaeology since the late 1990s. By using a georeferenced laser beam, it can survey through tree canopies. This ability allows researchers to track anthropogenic remains in woodland and jungle environments. The device has great potential in archaeology as vast areas of our planet are covered with trees. A systematic survey may uncover new archaeological sites and determine the full geographical extent of partially known features. The LiDAR system is based on a device measuring distance between the aircraft and the ground. Due to the high density nature of the laser beams used, there is a significant chance that some of them penetrate through canopies and reflect off the ground. The second step in this process is to differentiate of points that are reflected off of tree trunks and ground to make a digital elevation model (DEM) of the bare surface. The presentation of results has also been problematic in the past because the human brain is unable to perceive DEMs. To solve this problem, there are many alternative methods of display such as hill-shade imaging and three-dimensional modeling. Through this process, one is able to find traces of past human activity. Important case studies in Europe and North America will be mentioned.
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Archeologia Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 roku – zagadnienia wprowadzające

75%
Zapłata R.
Raport
|
2020
|
vol. 15
299-315
EN
The article is a preliminary presentation of the project “Inventory of selected relics of the Battle of Warsaw 1920”, commissioned by the Masovian Monuments Preservation Officer and carried out in 2020 – the centenary of the battle, known also as the “Miracle on the Vistula”. The research was carried out by the Hereditas Foundation in cooperation with the Forest Research Institute and the Historical and Educational Association of 7th Regiment of Vistula Lancers in Halinów. This initiative was an interdisciplinary undertaking based, among others, on the cooperation of a team of specialists in the fields of archaeology, history, geography, remote sensing and geoinformatics, as well as forestry. The main discussion in the article focuses on introductory issues concerning the archaeology of the Battle of Warsaw - archaeological research, concentrating mainly on non-intrusive and inventory activities. At the same time, the article contributes to the discussion about, among others, the definition, recognition and protection of battlefield relics – the so-called large-scale archaeological sites. The publication presents selected research results (numerous identified relics of armed conflicts – mainly field fortifications – from the area of the Warsaw Bridgehead, primarily from World War I and II, as well as from the Polish-Bolshevik war). The text also discusses basic elements of the research methodology, based (mainly) on GIS tools and data sourced from the Information System of National Protection Against Extraordinary Risks (ISOK) – obtained during airborne laser scanning. The key element of the project, and at the same time one of the results of the research, is a data set (prepared for heritage services or specific land managers) in the form of a spatial information system known as “H/A-GIS Bitwa Warszawska 1920”.
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