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EN
There is a positive aspect of the putting by legislator the wide tasks in the social sphere of upbringing in sobriety and counteracting alcoholism on the gminas. However it is a pity that with reference to poviat and regional self-governments legislator did not follow the idea of involving other levels of the self-government in performing these tasks, taking into consideration the peculiarity of poviat and regional self-governments. The Authors suggest, however, that there are explicit needs emerging in this area. Moreover, Authors formulate a large amount of criticism directed against the Act on upbringing in the sobriety and counteracting alcoholism as a legal act forming the basis for performing tasks of self-government units in the social sphere of upbringing in the sobriety and counteracting alcoholism. First and foremost, they indicate lack of precision, numerous legal loopholes and legislative chaos caused by subsequent legal amendments. Moreover, they emphasize lack of correlation with other acts concerning addictions and addicts, including the Act on counteracting the drug addiction. Thirdly, they show that imposing tasks of this sphere only to a small extent on the poviat self-government causes a breach in the system of reacting to social problems in which in other spheres poviat administration is significantly involved (e.g. welfare). Fourthly, they formulate a more general thesis that the legislator does not have a clear concept of the participation of the public administration, including territorial self-government, in solving and counteracting alcohol problems. It seems that a comprehensive analysis of the social sphere of the problem of addictions (including alcohol addictions) is the method for resolving this problem. Besides, one should consider formulating tasks for public administration (in particular territorial self-government) in one legal act, which may result in consolidating the actions of the administration in the struggle against so difficult and socially dangerous phenomenon of alcoholism and drug addiction.
EN
The analysis of the rationing tasks performed by territorial self-government in the economic sphere of counteracting alcoholism points to some conclusions. Various legal means applied to the rationing of trading in alcoholic beverages determining access to alcohol, indicate a considerable role of the gmina self-government and regional self-government in the discussed sphere. This role is not assigned to the poviat self-government in anyway, but to a large extent is related to gminas. On the one hand, there is a positive aspect of the process of passing on the wide competence to the territorial self-government as consistent with the principles of subsidiarity and decentralization that guarantee an important influence on one of the most important branches of social life. On the other hand, we should remember that in this case the trading in alcohol beverages is a special kind of economic activity. In the doctrine there is an opinion that the issue of alcoholism is the nationwide problem, not only the local one. Therefore one should consider whether solving alcohol problems should be assigned to local authorities often remaining under local influence and financial needs of a local pressure group, whose interests may not be consistent with the needs of restrictions on access to alcohol. This contradiction is deepened by imprecise legal expressions and doubts coming from currently binding legal regulations concerning upbringing in sobriety and counteracting alcoholism.
PL
Autorka podejmuje problematykę nadużywania alkoholu przez seniorów zamieszkujących domy pomocy społecznej. W związku z głównym celem tekstu, tj. przybliżeniem problematyki nadużywania alkoholu w DPS w kontekście aspektów społeczno-prawnych oraz wyzwań dla edukacji, w pierwszej kolejności, przez odwołanie do ujęć teoretycznych oraz danych statystycznych omówiono tematykę alkoholizmu wśród osób w podeszłym wieku. Poruszono także obszar uregulowań prawnych w zakresie funkcjonowania DPS przeznaczonych dla osób uzależnionych od alkoholu. Analiza regulacji ustawowych uzupełniona została przez przywołanie aktualnych danych dotyczących liczby placówek przeznaczonych dla osób uzależnionych od alkoholu funkcjonujących na terenie całej Polski. By podejmowana tematyka została omówiona w jak najszerszym kontekście, a sformułowanie rekomendacji działań naprawczych i wyzwań dla edukacji było możliwe, przytoczono także wybrane badania empiryczne wskazujące na aktualność i powszechność występowania problemu nadużywania alkoholu przez osoby w podeszłym wieku zamieszkujące DPS.
EN
The following article investigates the issue of alcohol abuse by elderly residents of social care homes. According to the main aim of the text, which is to describe the issue of alcohol abuse in social care homes, at first, the topic of alcoholism among the elderly was discussed by referencing to a theoretical view and statistical data. Further, the area of legal regulations for the functioning of social care homes dedicated to alcohol addicts was considered. The analysis of statutory regulations was extended by presenting the current data regarding the number of facilities functioning in Poland designated for alcohol addicts. In order to discuss the matter in the widest context, and for the formulation of recommended corrective actions and challenges for education to be possible, chosen empirical researches indicating currency and universality of the issue of alcohol abuse by elderly residents of social care homes was presented.
XX
W artykule dokonano próby oceny wielkości całkowitego i nierejestrowanego spożycia alkoholu w latach 1984-1996. Potrzebę przeprowadzenia takiego szacunku autorka uzasadnia tym, że w latach 90. spożycie nierejestrowane przybierało szczególnie wysokie wartości. Wniosek taki wysnuwa z faktu, że w latach 90. rejestrowane spożycie alkoholu na ogół malało. Rosły jednak wartości wskaźników alkoholizmu.
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