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Amartya Kumar Sen’s ethical interpretation of poverty

100%
Szymczak D.
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
|
2017
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vol. 20
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issue 6
157-169
EN
On the threshold of the 21st century, the problem of poverty remains unresolved. Many still suffer from hunger, and many more have no access to running water, or education. This raises a fundamental question that has bothered economy researchers for centuries: What determines the wealth of some countries, and the poverty of others? One of the contemporary researchers analysing the causes of poverty and development barriers is Indian economist Amartya Kumar Sen. Referring to the socio-economic theory of Sen, the author indicates that modernity implies the need for reflection on the definition of poverty. The author attempts to justify the thesis which focuses on the discord between the evaluation concepts of good and evil with objective economic factors defining poverty. The author suggests that the definition of poverty should be grounded in considerations concerning good and evil in a specific time, as well as cultural and historical context.
2
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Elementy filozofii ekonomii a problem rozwoju człowieka, na przykładzie prac Amartyi Sena

100%
Bartkowicz Ł.
Społeczeństwo i Ekonomia
|
2018
|
issue 1(9)
67-90
PL
Przedmiotem tekstu jest wskazanie roli elementów filozofii ekonomii we współczesnej gospodarce oraz polityce na przykładzie prac Amartyi Sena. Tekst, podzielony na trzy części, porusza kwestie kondycji człowieka w globalnej rzeczywistości oraz pokazuje próbę łączenia narzędzi ekonomicznych z filozoficznymi. Bazę do rozważań stanowią prace autorów z dziedzin nauki takich jak socjologia, kulturoznawstwo, ekonomia czy filozofia. W artykule postaram się pokazać na przykładzie koncepcji Capability Approach autorstwa Amartyi Sena, w jaki sposób współcześni ekonomiści wykorzystują narzędzia nauk humanistycznych do tworzenia elementów polityki rozwoju.. Wnioskiem płynącym z analizy jest pokazanie, iż o rozwoju człowieka nie można mówić wyłącznie z punktu widzenia dyscypliny, jaką jest ekonomia, a sam proces rozwoju wymyka się kwantyfikowalnym miernikom. Tekst stanowi wprowadzenie do badań, nad którymi pracuje autor w ramach swojej pracy doktorskiej, dotyczącej założeń koncepcji wolności Amartyi Sena.
3
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Locating Financial Capability Within Capability Approach – Theoretical Survey

89%
Potocki T.
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
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2022
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vol. 309
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issue 1
96-106
PL
Integracja teorii możliwości wyboru z koncepcją możliwości wyborów finansowych pozostaje otwartym problemem badawczym. Celem artykułu jest interdyscyplinarna analiza teoretyczna możliwości wyborów finansowych oparta na pierwotnej wersji teorii możliwości wyboru zaproponowanej przez A. Sena. W artykule podjęto próbę wykorzystania kluczowych komponentów teorii możliwości wyboru do stworzenia teoretycznych założeń koncepcji możliwości wyborów finansowych. Ponadto w artykule wykorzystano dorobek racjonalności ograniczonej H. Simona i dalszych jej rozszerzeń w ramach racjonalności adaptacyjnej. Do osiągnięcia celów wykorzystano analizę koncepcyjną. Pozwoliła ona na lepsze zrozumienie samego pojęcia możliwości wyborów finansowych i zaadresowanie trzech głównych wyzwań w jej zdefiniowaniu. W ten sposób zaproponowano bardziej transparentne i spójne podejście wykorzystujące dorobek teoretyczny w pracach nad możliwościami wyborów finansowych. Dodatkowo uzupełniono literaturę w tym zakresie o klasyczne prace A. Sena i ich dalsze rozwinięcia oferowane szczególnie w pracach I. Robeyns. Z tego powodu najważniejszym wnioskiem niniejszego artykułu jest rekomendacja wykorzystania prac A. Sena nad teorią możliwości wyboru jako warunków ramowych do definiowania możliwości wyborów finansowych.
EN
The integration of financial capability with the capability approach remains an open and challenging issue. This paper offers a theoretical exploration of the financial capability framed within Sen’s capability approach in an interdisciplinary way. It focuses on the fundamental conceptual aspects of the capability approach, and on how we may use that framework for the development of financial capability theory. Moreover, the presented theoretical study addresses the issue of the critical role of constrained choice using Simon’s bounded rationality and ecological rationality approach. We used one type of research and it is conceptual analysis. It helped us to better understand and explain the concept of financial capability and address three important issues related to that concept. In this paper, we offer a more transparent and consistent approach that takes into account theoretical evidence on financial capability. We complemented the financial capability literature by highlighting the critical role of the classic works of A. Sen and more recently the influential work of I. Robeyns. Thus, our headline finding is that using A. Sen’s approach as a general framework for the financial capability may offer a more transparent and consistent approach to define financial capability.
4
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Wprowadzenie do problemu ubóstwa w ujęciu Amartyi Kumara Sena. Wymiar etyczny

75%
Szymczak D., University of Lodz, dejman7@gmail.com
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
|
2016
|
vol. 19
|
issue 3
EN
On the threshold of the 21st century the problem of poverty has not been dealt with yet. The world constantly suffers hunger, and many people have no access to running water or education. This raises fundamental question, which have bothered economy researchers for centuries: What determines the wealth of some countries, and the poverty of others? One of the contemporary researchers analysing the causes of poverty and development barriers is Indian economist Amartya Sen. Referring to the socio-economic theory of Sen, the author indicates that modernity implies the need for reflection on the definition of poverty. The author attempts to justify the thesis which focuses on the dissonance between the evaluation concepts of good and evil with objective economic factors which define poverty. The author claims that the definition of poverty should be grounded in considerations concerning good and evil in a specific time, as well as cultural and historical context.
5
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Selected Measures of Past Populations Health as the Indicator of the Biological Standard of Living

71%
Ogórek B.
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne
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2018
|
vol. 48
6
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From polycentricity analysis to poverty analysis. Using IAD in social policy

71%
Pieliński B.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
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2014
|
issue 25(2)/2014
21-36
PL
Vincent i Elinor Ostrom swoje zawodowe życie poświęcili badaniu policentryczności. Ich dorobek naukowy wpłynął przede wszystkim na rozwój badań związanych z problematyką zarządzania wspólnymi zasobami. Dlatego też celem niniejszego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na możliwości, jakie dla rozwoju polityki społecznej niosą prowadzone przez tę parę badaczy studia nad policentrycznością. W tekście zostaje naszkicowana nowa instytucjonalna rama rozwoju łącząca w sobie elementy Ramy Analizy Instytucjonalnej i Rozwoju oraz podstawowe założenia koncepcji możliwości wyboru Amartya Sena. Przydatność nowej instytucjonalnej ramy rozwoju jest zademonstrowana na przykładzie analizy fenomenu ubóstwa.
EN
Vincent and Elinor Ostrom devoted their entire academic careers to studying polycentric systems. Their work has influenced mainly research on common-pool resources. The purpose of this paper is to show how analysis of polycentric systems could be used in social policy studies. It is done by outlining the new institutional framework for development. This framework synthesizes Institutional Analysis and Development Framework created by Elinor Ostrom with Amartya Sen’s capability approach. The application of the new institutional framework for development is demonstrated through the analysisof poverty.
7
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Amartyi Sena teoria sprawiedliwości i jej znaczenie dla filozofii prawa

63%
Szymaniec P.
Prakseologia
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2014
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issue 156
47-77
EN
The article aim is to answer the question whether Amartya Sen’s theory of justice – presented in the fullest way in his book The Idea of Justice (Oxford 2009) – may be regarded as intellectually attractive to legal philosophy. The analysis of this theory leads to the conclusion that it can be of limited relevance to that branch of philosophy. It is connected with the fact that Amartya Sen belongs to such a kind of thinkers who reject the focusing only on the institutions as a means to the realization of justice. Con¬sidering the so-called procedural justice, Sen refers only to the idea of an impartial spectator developed by Adam Smith, and essentially he is not interested in retributive justice. Thus, it seems that the richer theory of John Rawls still remains much more attractive for the jurisprudence. However, in the author’s opinion, some concepts created by Sen may be an important starting point for reflection on law, even apart from Sen’s entire theory. His notions of freedom (which can be adapted, for example, to judge paternalistic regulations) and of capability seem to be particularly inspiring from the point of view of legal philosophy.
8
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Poverty, Freedom, and Solidarityin the Thought of Amartya Sen

63%
Beyer G. J.
Prakseologia
|
2014
|
issue 156
135-156
EN
After the fall of communism in 1989 in Poland, a large portion of decision-makers responsible for the socioeconomic transformations held a neoliberal understanding of freedom. This negative construal of freedom does not see poverty as a lack of freedom. A person is free when no other human being, group, or institution coerces her. In other words, a person is free when the principle of noninterference is upheld. Moreover, the interference of the state in the economic sphere obviates freedom. The neoliberal conception of freedom also holds that freedom does not require solidarity or any assistance from others. Thus, a poor person is free so long as he or she is left to fend for themselves without interference from others. This article appeals to Amartya Sen’s conception of freedom to argue that, in contradistinction to Leszek Balcerowicz’s contention, poverty is tantamount to a lack of human freedom. The article describes Sen’s multifaceted conception of freedom, including the differentiation between instrumental and substantive freedoms, as well as the relationship between them. The relationship among freedoms, as well Sen’s conception of poverty as capability deprivation, illuminates the true nature of poverty, which often negates the ability to achieve substantive freedoms. The article also elucidates how freedom in a free-market economy and democracy constitutes both a goal of development and a path to solidarity. Sen’s paradigm also demonstrates that advancing freedom requires solidarity because freedom is in a certain sense a social entity. Sen rightly maintains that the realization of freedom requires solidarity embodied in social institutions, including, at least in some cases, governmental institutions. On the macro scale, Sen’s conception of development and freedom reveals the problematic nature of “shock therapy” used in Poland during the initial phase of the social economic transformations after 1989. In this sense, this article situates Sen’s thought in the Polish socioeconomic context, which also reveals the significance of Sen’s thought more clearly. Finally, the concluding section of the article points to some similarities (and some differences) between Sen’s ideas and Catholic social thought.
9
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Ekonomia altruizmu - o racjonalności zachowań prospołecznych

63%
Adamus M.
Diametros
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2018
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issue 57
1-22
EN
This paper presents considerations on altruism and prosocial behaviour formulated on the basis of some experiments with the ultimatum game. In the first part it will discuss relations between expected utility theories, the characteristics of homo oeconomicus and a modern understanding of altruism. It will focus in particular on conceptual differences, indicating that we can find more than one definition of altruism in modern literature. The second part of the text will provide an overview of selected behavioural theories of prosocial behaviour. It will also present the manner in which needs, social determinants, norms, and individual psychological features affect the propensity to behave in a prosocial fashion.
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