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PL
Handel walutowy wymaga uwzględnienia wielu istotnych elementów, które są stosowane przy budowie automatycznych systemów handlowych. Większość istnieją-cych systemów bazuje jednak tylko na podejściach opartych na analizie technicznej, nato-miast czynnik związany z wydarzeniami ekonomicznymi jest w tym wypadku ignorowany. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie, iż sam fakt wystąpienia wydarzenia może istotnie wpływać na zmianę ceny instrumentu. Innymi słowy analiza fundamentalna jest tutaj kontekstem w odniesieniu do dynamiki zmian ceny dla poszczególnych instrumentów finansowych. W zależności od wybranej skali czasu kontekst analizy fundamentalnej może być pomijalny lub też mieć dominujący wpływ na wahania ceny danego instrumentu finansowego.
EN
Trading on the foreign exchange market is based on various important ele-ments, which are used in the process of building trading systems. Most of the existing systems are based only on the technical analysis and the economic events are mostly omitted. The purpose of this article is to prove, that economic event itself can greatly impact on the price of the instrument. In the other words, fundamental analysis is the context of the dynamic price changes for different financial instruments. On the basis of the time window, context of the fundamental analysis may have very important impact on the price fluctuations over the time.
EN
The main purpose of this article is to construct an optimal, fundamental portfolio using multivariate compare analysis methods with dynamical parameters. The article consist of two parts. The first part is methodological, and the second is empirical one.
PL
Analiza fundamentalna spółek rolnych, które cechuje odmienność i złożoność zdarzeń gospodarczych, jest trudna do przeprowadzenia przez inwestorów. Głównym składnikiem majątku jednostek rolnych są aktywa biologiczne, które powinny być odpowiednio sklasyfikowane, ponieważ wpływają na wybór metody wyceny i na ocenę spółki. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie analizy fundamentalnej Indykpolu S.A. jako przykładu wyceny aktywów biologicznych wg kosztu historycznego.
EN
Fundamental analysis of agricultural companies, which is characterized by diversity and complexity of economic events is difficult to conduct by investors. The main assets of agricultural companies are biological assets, which should be properly classified, because they affect the choice of the measurement method and assessment of company performance. The aim of the article is to present a fundamental analysis of Indykpol S.A. as an example of the valuation of biological assets at historical cost.
EN
This article consists primarily of discriminant analysis, which could be used as a tool to guide the investors to choose appropriate shares. Author used data on the financial situation of various companies from three various branches. The objects in the examination were descibed through set of financial indicators. The purpose of the discriminative models was to select the companies that had a higher return rate than average in a three month period after publishing quarterly financial reports. The use of the k-means method amends quality of the discriminant model improving the chance to figure out an effective prognostic tool.
PL
Rynek walutowy jest najbardziej płynnym rynkiem finansowym na świece. Spośród wielu czynników wpływających na kształtowanie się kursów walutowych, niezmiernie duży wpływ mają amerykańskie dane makroekonomiczne. Ich znaczenie jest tak duże, że potrafią odwrócić panujący na rynku trend, dlatego też są bacznie obserwowane przez spekulantów, doświadczonych inwestorów oraz instytucje finansowe. W artykule przedstawiono istotę najważniejszych danych makroekonomicznych z amerykańskiej gospodarki oraz zbadano wpływ raportu z rynku pracy na kształtowanie się popytu i podaży na rynku Forex.
EN
Foreign exchange market is the most liquid market in the world. Besides many factors, one of the most important drivers of currency rates are the US economic data. Their impact is so great, that they can even change the long-term trend. That is why they are closely followed by traders, investors and financial institutions. This paper shows the essence of most important US economic data and the impact of labor market report on demand and supply on foreign exchange market.
EN
There are many methods that are used by investors in decision making process. The main approach in portfolio analysis is the classical one based on basic characteristics such as return rate and return rate variance. However, market analyses show that basing only on those measures when building an optimal portfolio is not the most effective way. The alternative approach is, for example, fundamental one which uses not only classical measures but also diagnostic features that characterize financial and economic condition of companies. The work presents practical applications of selected fundamental methods that are used for risk management on capital market (especially for designing an optimal portfolio). Moreover, elements of multivariate comparative analysis have been taken into considerations. The analysis provides methods that make it possible to examine phenomenon which is described by different variables, it allows to compare objects that are specified by many features. On the basis of data describing variables many synthetic measures can be built. These measures may be used to examine the attractiveness of investments and economic situation of companies. In analyses, three synthetic measures were provided for - module taxonomic measure of investment attractiveness (TMAI) and two non-module measures. Solving respective optimization problems (allowing for synthetic measures) fundamental optimal portfolios were built. To compare the results it was also built a classical portfolio based on Markowitz approach. The profit rate of each designed fundamental portfolio was about 50% and was higher than the profit rate of classical one. It confirms that using in analyses financial and economic indices may bring in interesting results.
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