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De Religione: How Christianity Became a Religion

100%

Červenková D.

Acta Universitatis Carolinae Theologica

2014

vol. 4

issue 1

87-114

Following the findings of contemporary theological and religious stud- ies research, the present interdisciplinary study attempts to trace the process of adopting the originally Roman category of “religion” for referring to Christianity. The text notes, in particular, the socio-political role of religio in classical culture and the transformations that the relationship of the society of classical antiquity and the Christian community went through in the first centuries AD, especially the first Christian attempts at communication with the late classical Latin culture and the administrative structures of the Roman Empire. The adaptation of the category is traced back to Tertullian, whose conception appears to have fundamentally influenced later generations of Christians; the second part of the study therefore devotes considerable attention to his works. It is here that justified use of the category of “religion” in connection with the Christian tradition is first encountered, as an expression encompassing the doctrinal and philosophical, as well as ethical and liturgical aspects of Christianity. Analysis of the text of Tertullian’s Apologeticum shows how the apologetic literature of the second century AD conveys the Christian message in an exemplary and highly elaborate form, which serves the dual purpose of providing an adequate definition of the Christian religious identity and preserving it, as well as making it available to recipients of diverse contemporary cultural environments.

Wizja religii cesarstwa rzymskiego według Tertuliana na podstawie Apologetyka

67%

Łobos Ł. A.

Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego

2019

vol. 39

issue 1

89-116

Tertullian, a zealous follower of Christianity, could not have accepted that pagans believed in gods in such a naive way. Gods which do not exist and their cult practices which were rather for people than deities. The follower requires that a deity makes his desires come true, and the follower limits only to offer, which best part is taken to himself anyway. There was not anything sacred in such behavior. Tertullian witnessed only an opportunity to binge and for drunkenness to occur during religious practices. It seems to be that this behavior affected Tertullian so much that he left the cult of pagan lesser gods, where everything is rather unstructured and very human. On the other hand Christianity, where everything is structured, and reasonable results in a more divine presence.

Artykuł prezentuje myśli Tertuliana na temat religii pogańskiej i chrześcijańskiej w Cesarstwie Rzymskim w II w., które zawarł w Apologetyku. W poszczególnych punktach artykułu są prezentowane porównania religii chrześcijańskiej z pogańską. Po przedstawieniu argumentów Tertuliana można stwierdzić, że nawołuje on wszystkich pogan, aby zostali chrześcijanami. Tylko w chrześcijaństwie odnajduje on prawdziwie Bogaoraz czystość obyczajów, których nie ma w religiach pogańskich. Dzięki Tertulianowi poznajemy kształtowanie się chrześcijaństwa w dwóch pierwszych wiekach, a także kulty i obyczaje pogan.

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1 Acta Universitatis Carolinae Theologica

1 Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego

1 2019

1 2014

1 Červenková D.

1 Łobos Ł. A.

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De Religione: How Christianity Became a Religion

Wizja religii cesarstwa rzymskiego według Tertuliana na podstawie Apologetyka