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1

Ateńskie prawo pogrzebowe

100%
Rominkiewicz J.
Prawo
|
2015
|
issue 319
11 - 34
EN
The article is devoted to the Athenian funerary law. First, the author presents the duty — which was both religious and legal — to bury the body. Next he provides an in-depth analysis of various funerary laws (from Solon to Demetrius of Phaleron) as well as the funerary law that Plato provided for his ideal state. The existing laws specified the forms of acceptable human behaviour during funerals, limited their costs, type of sacrifice and size of tombs. Their objective was also to limit the spread in the public sphere of the polis of religious pollution resulting from contact with the deceased. Solon’s funerary law influenced other known Greek regulations dealing with funerals, especially the law of the Labyadai phratry at Delphi, the law of the Ioulis polis on the island of Keos as well as the oldest Roman code of law — the Law of the Twelve Tables.
2

Θεομισῆ δὲ καὶ αἰσχρῶν αἴσχιστα. Kazirodztwo w starożytnej Grecji

84%
Rominkiewicz J.
Prawo
|
2018
|
issue 325
11-57
EN
The article is devoted to incest in ancient Greece. In the introduction the author deals with terminological questions, explaining the reasons behind a lack of a general term for incest in the Greek language and how this phenomenon was reflected in Greek literature. Next, he analyses the sources testifying to the existence of a legal ban on incest between direct relatives. He stresses that in Athens it derived from unwritten common law (ágraphos nómos) and was probably never raised to the status of statutory law. In addition, the author analyses sources concerning the legal restrictions placed on sexual intercourse between collateral relatives. The ban on incest applied to siblings, also stepbrothers and stepsisters, who had, depending on the model adopted in a given polis, the same mother (Athens) or the same father (Sparta). The author also examines the question of sexual relations between relatives by affinity, concluding that the Greeks regarded them as adultery. In the last part of his study he explores the sanctions associated with the violation of the incest ban.
DE
Der Aufsatz ist der Blutschande im alten Griechenland gewidmet. Am Anfang beschäftigt sich der Verfasser mit terminologischen Fragen, er erklärt, warum es in der griechischen Sprache keinen allgemeinen Terminus für die Bezeichnung der Blutschande gibt, sowie mit der Widerspiegelung dieser Erscheinung in der griechischen Literatur. Im weiteren Teil des Textes analysiert er die Quellen, die das rechtliche Verbot der Blutschande zwischen Verwandten in gerader Linie bezeugen. Er betont, das es in Athen dem Gewohnheitsrecht entstammte (ágraphos nómos) und wahrscheinlich nie in den Rang eines angewandten Rechtes erhoben wurde. Analysiert werden auch Quellen betreffend die Einschränkungen des Geschlechtsverkehrs zwischen Verwandten in seitlicher Linie. Das Verbot der Blutschande betraf die leiblichen als auch die angeborenen Geschwister, die, nach dem in der gegebenen polis geltenden Modell, eine gemeinsame Mutter (Athen) bzw. einen gemeinsamen Vater (Sparta) hatten. Der Verfasser bezieht sich auch auf die Qualifikation der sexuellen Beziehungen zwischen Verschwägerten und stellt fest, dass die Griechen diese wie Ehebruch behandelten. Im letzten Teil seines Studiums zeigt der Verfasser die möglichen Sanktionen wegen der Verletzung des Verbotes der Blutschande.
3

Penalties in action in classical Athens. A preliminary survey

84%
Kucharski J.
Classica Cracoviensia
|
2014
|
issue 17
117-144
EN
This paper attempts to look at the inner workings of the punitive system in ancient Athens. After a brief survey of the range of penalties available in Classical Athens (capital punishment, exile and outlawry, disenfranchisement, financial penalties, imprisonment, corporal penalties), it proceeds first to examine their nature (as they frequently fail to meet our criteria of punishment), and then to map them on the substance vs. procedure controversy regarding the Athenian legal system. The last two sections of the paper are devoted to the manner in which penalties were imposed (summary punishment, punishment by sentence, “automatic” punishment) and executed (private vs. public execution of court verdicts; coercive measures etc.).
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