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Konteksty i motywy powojennych migracji z Górnego Śląska do RFN oraz przemiany świadomości Aussiedlerów z Polski

100%
Kijonka J.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2019
|
issue 1(370)
141-162
EN
The aim of the article is to present the problems of emigration from Poland to Germany in the historical context and in the context of the changes that have taken place in both coun-tries. The paper presents the opinions of people who emigrated to West Germany and obtained the Aussiedler status, about the changes that have taken place in Germany since they decided to emigrate there from Poland. The article attempts to present, as the main problem, the fate and opinions of the indi-viduals in this group, the reasons for their migration, their first encounter with the FRG and their opinion about the decision to migrate. In the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, the possibility of emigrating to West Germany from the Polish People’s Republic was the dream of many Polish citizens. The migration was accompanied by great expectations and hopes that not all migrants have managed to fulfill. As in every migration process, there have been winners and losers. The reality of German capitalism, language barriers and unemployment were the most frequent problems encountered by the emigrants. The paper is based on various qualitative research methods, especially on interviews with people who migrated to the Federal Republic of Germany between 1970 and 2000 and obtained the Aussiedler status there. The problem of this migration has not yet been the sub-ject of an in-depth study in Poland.
2
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„Ich komme aus Polen“. Migranten-Literatur als coming out. Emilia Smechowskis Wir Strebermigranten vor dem Hintergrund der Prosa anderer polnischer Migranten in Deutschland

44%
Helbig-Mischewski B.
Transfer. Reception studies
|
2019
|
vol. 4
123-135
PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja autobiograficznej książki rozliczeniowej Emilii Smechowski Wir Strebermigranten w kontekście twórczości tzw. pierwszego i drugiego pokolenia pisarzy i pisarek polskich w Niemczech (urodzonych w latach sześćdziesiątych, którzy przyjechali do Niemiec z własnej woli, i urodzonych w latach osiemdziesiątych, których zabrali ze sobą rodzice). Interpretacji podlega droga rozwoju bohaterki-narratorki prowadząca od długoletniej i wyobcowującej „nadidentyfikacji” z Niemcami i wymuszonej, zakłamanej asymilacji aż po integrację porzuconej polskiej tożsamości. W artykule wskazano także na podobieństwa opowieści Smechowski z książkami Aleksandry Tobor i Artura Soboczynskiego i na zastosowany przez autorkę koncept „zbawienia przez prawdę” oraz elementy narracji terapeutycznej.
EN
The aim of the article is a presentation of an autobiographical account by Emilia Smechowski entitled Wir Strebermigranten in the context of the literary output of ’the first‘ and ’the second’ generation of Polish writers in Germany (born in the sixties, who willingly came to Germany and those born in the eighties who came with their parents). It is an interpretation of the path of development of the heroine-narrator from long-standing and isolating ’over-identification‘ with the Germans, forced and falsified assimilation, towards integration of the abandoned Polish identity. The article also points to similarities between Smechowski's story and Aleksandra Tobor's and Artur Soboczynski's books and refers to the concept of ’salvation by the truth‘ used by the author and also elements of therapeutic narrative.
DE
Ziel des Beitrags ist es, das autobiographische Abrechnungsbuch von Emilia Smechowski Wir Strebermigranten im Kontext des literarischen Schaffens der „ersten“ (der ungefähr in den Sechzigern Geborenen und allein Ausgereisten) und der „zweiten“ (der ungefähr in den Achtzigern Geborenen und von den Eltern „Mitgenommenen“) Migrantengeneration der polnischen Autorinnen und Autoren in Deutschland darzustellen. Analysiert wird der Weg der Protagonistin von einer jahrelangen, entfremdenden Überidentifikation mit Deutschen und einer erzwungenen, verlogenen Assimilation hin zur Integration ihrer alten, polnischen Identität. Es werden Parallelen zu den Werken von Alexandra Tobor und Adam Soboczynski herausgearbeitet und das Hauptkonzept der „Erlösung durch die Wahrheit“ sowie die Anwendung der therapeutischen Narration besprochen.
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