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1

UDALOSTI, REČOVÉ ŽÁNRE A PRÍBEHY

100%
Michalovič P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 7
634 – 643
EN
The aim of the paper is to interpret systematically M. M. Bakhtin’s views on genre. Although Aristotle was the first among philosophers – and one of the first among thinkers in general – who focused on the issues of the artistic and rhetorical genres, philosophy ignored these issues for a considerably long time. One of the first philosophers who approached the issue of genre within a wider context of the philosophy of language was Mikhail M. Bakhtin, a Russian philosopher and literary scholar. As early as in the 1920s he started to reflect on the so-called small speech genres. It later served him as the basis for a remarkable theory of the primary and secondary genres. Bakhtin is a world-wide renowned novel theoretician, but his genre theory is no less topical, since it corresponds with the issues focused on by philosophers much later.
2

INDIVIDUALITY AND POLYPHONY (BAKHTIN'S IDEA OF THE AUTHOR)

100%
Ulicka D.
Ruch Literacki
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2008
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vol. 49
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issue 2(287)
161-182
EN
The article concerns itself with the conception of the author developed in early 20th-century philosophy of oral culture in Eastern and Central Europe. Opposed both to the then dominant transcendental approaches with its insistence on the separation of the textual subject from the empirical author as well as to the enduringly popular idea of 'la mort de l'auteur', which acknowledges at best a 'weak' or 'dispersed' authorial presence in the work, this idea found its most cogent expression in the works of Mikhail Bakhtin. The article is an attempt at reconstructing his idea of the author and authorship as it took shape in the context of Russian social and philosophical thought, the changing political situation, and Bakhtin's own life. The reconstruction is based both on his explicit formulations as well as the assumptions and implications inscribed into his whole critical output (the latest, corrected editions of his works have been found of considerable value in this respect). With this updated reading of Bakhtin's texts it is possible not only to reassess his position on some points of literary theory but also to gain a whole range of additional insights.
3

WSPÓLCZESNY FOLKLORYZM

75%
Hajduk-Nijakowska J.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2018
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vol. 25
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issue 1
72 – 96
EN
A carnival stands not only for the festive time set by the religious calendar, but also for all games and shows which are part of the urban pop culture. Theoretical reflection on carnivalisation, i. e. a specific model of participation in culture, was initiated by Mikhail Bakhtin. The process of progressive carnivalisation of the urban space is associated with the development of spectator folklorism on the one hand and desementisation of the folk rituals on the other, i. e. with the expansion of festive events, which create common festive activity. The author brings up examples of carnivalisation of the public space in Polish towns from the middle ages until the contemporary times when the said process was joined by local government institutions, cultural institutions and foundations, whose interaction is to expose the emotional bonds with the promoted values among participants of a common, open, street „immediate theatre“.
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