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LATE COPPER AGE SETTLEMENT IN BALATONOSZOD, HUNGARY

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Horvath T.

Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

2004

vol. 39

59-85

Archaeological rescue excavation, carried out on the planned route of the M7 motorway on the track as well the junction near the village of Balatonoszod, confirmed that the strategic and economic advantages of the nearby lake made the southern shore of the Lake Balaton extremely attractive for settlers from the Prehistoric Period till the Late Medieval Period. At the Balatonoszod site an extented settlement-part of the Late Copper Age Baden Culture was excavated. The researched area covered c. 100 000 square meters on the western part of the stream-bed. The eastern part of the settlement was documented through field walking which yielded a number of features. It was shown that the settlement was divided by the stream which could separate the profanic and sacred, the younger and the older parts of the settlement or the village and the cemetery. On the top of the hill three very similarly structured buildings were excavated side by side and another one in the western direction and their function raise new debates. In addition the three ritual pits were found, filled with more layers of abundant animal- and human skeleton-finds as well as pottery. Human bones were also discovered without animal remains, sometimes one-by-one, but usually in groups. The above-mentioned settlement of the Baden Culture shows 'unusual' criteria from various perspectives. Since no direct parallels are known it cannot be decided whether an unique, specialized settlement was uncovered or a rare, but by chance everyday example of a settlement-type inside the great complex of the Baden Culture has been found.

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1 Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

1 2004

1 Horvath T.

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LATE COPPER AGE SETTLEMENT IN BALATONOSZOD, HUNGARY