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PRODUCTION OF ENERGY RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY - A KEY FUNCTION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

100%
Gradziuk P.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2005
|
issue 4(129)
98-115
EN
The demand for energy is a direct result of economic development hence a further considerable growth in the consumption of energy is forecast to take place in the next several years. In all the examined scenarios it is predicted that after 2020 the share of conventional fuels - oil, natural gas and coal, will be diminishing in step with the depletion of their deposits and accompanying growth in energy prices. These raw materials will be replaced with the sources of renewable energy. The most important source of renewable energy in Poland is bio-mass, which can be used for the purpose of production of energy in the process of direct incineration (timber, straw, sludge), of its transformation into liquid fuels (rape-seed oil esters, alcohol) or gaseous fuels (e.g. agricultural bio-gas, bio-gas from sewage treatment plants, gas obtained from refuse heaps). The wide-scale use of bio-mass for the purpose of production of energy is likely to stimulate the development of rural areas and agriculture. The necessity to fulfil obligations stemming from the four EU Directives (2001/77/EC, 2003/30/EC, 2003/54/EC, 2003/96/EC) by the year 2010 may result in the demand for agricultural raw materials obtained from plantations covering the area of approximately a million hectares of arable land. In 2020 this demand is likely to at least double. This creates a chance not only for additional incomes from agricultural production but also for the creation of new jobs and for a less polluted environment.
2

POSSIBILITIES OF ENSURING FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO FARMS GENERATING RENEWABLE ENERGY

100%
Sosnowski J., Jodelka J., Czeluscinski W.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2005
|
issue 3(128)
201-208
EN
The sources of renewable energy have been attracting much attention in the recent years, which can be attributed to the continually intensifying exploitation of mineral fuels and the steadily diminishing of their deposits. In addition, according to some forecasts, the demand for energy is likely to double by 2035. In the light of these forecasts Poland, as a country possessing large areas that can be used for the cultivation of energy-yielding plants, is in a fairly good situation. However, as an EU member state Poland is obligated (in accordance with the Directive 2001/77EC) to obtain 7.5% of the utilised energy from renewable sources by 2010 and twice as much by 2020. Therefore, the time has come to seriously deal with the problem of production of bio-mass as one of the most profitable sources of renewable energy. It should be noted that the use of renewable energy sources produces many positive effects both on regional and local scale. These positive effects include an improvement in the condition of the natural environment and greater safety as far as the supply of energy is concerned, but the most important thing is the opportunity for farms to obtain additional means which can help improve their financial situation. The article describes some sources of renewable energy and presents possibilities of financially assisting farms that generate such energy.
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