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Bogusława Wolniewicza ocena moralna dzialan biotechnologicznych

100%
Smakulska J.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2011
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vol. 12
19-32
EN
The paper refers to Bogusław Wolniewicz’s deliberations on moral problems whicare being generated by cloning of human embryo cells which is one of the rapidly develop-ing biotechnological methods. The philosopher perceives serious moral dilemmas of using human embryos for experiments as in his opinion a human embryo is a human being.Although it is deeply immoral method, it is very unlikely that scientists will abandon it because the expectations of improving quality of human life or prolonging it, due to using genetic material, are great. What is more, cloning of embryo cells is closely linked with transplantations. Furthermore, the philosopher points out that such experiments are in their essence the same as doctor Mengele’s criminal experiments during World War II.
2
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Jurgena Habermasa eugenika liberalna. Trzy argumenty przeciwko biotechnologii

100%
Słoniowska A.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2013
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vol. 14
17-28
EN
Jurgen Habermas is trying to face the ethical problems of biotechnology development. He notes that today we should consider setting the border in research. The laws of nature are being routinely violated in laboratories.. Scientists for instance are able to create hybrids, grow human skin and breed the hormones. We intuitively know the difference between “what was born”, and “what was made”, but words “natural”, and “unnatural” lose own meaning. Habermas alarms – manipulation of human genome is dangerous and immoral. While describing this immorality he refers to the categorical imperatives of Immanuel Kant. What’s interesting, when he criticizes biotechnologies, he doesn’t use catholic arguments about sanctity of life. In his opinion, human genetic engineering: firstly, would take away possibility to be themselves, and create their own biography, secondly, interpersonal relationship would be disturb, and finally freedom of genetically-modified person would be open to question. Individual whose biography would be outlined before its birth will be destined to some kind of a plan. Its illusory free decisions actually will be determined. If human doesn’t have a right of making independent decisions, then he can’t be responsible for them, and this situation creates a lot of issues. Besides, someone who has been artificially created, can’t be equal in relation to its Creators. And equality is the base of human relationships, which can be moral, or not moral. Habermas alerts, if we won’t sensitize to these issues, then people would be bred, like animals. Unborn children would be a product in this new reality. They will be treated like merchandises, which someone can buy. Parents will decide about talents, character and the look of their own baby. And their choices will be limited only by their wealth.
3

THE POWERS OF THE EU MEMBER STATES IN THE FIELD OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS' (GMO) REGULATION

100%
Talik M.
Studia Prawnicze
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2006
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issue 2(168)
85-115
EN
Division of powers between the European Community and its Member States in the field of genetically modified organisms' regulation is a complex issue, requiring a thorough analysis of primary as well as of secondary law provisions. The revision of Community legal regime on GMO has been pointed out by the Member States as the prerequisite for putting an end to the so-called 'de facto moratorium' and for overcoming the decision-making impasse with regard to placing GMO and GM products on the EC market and their use within the Community, which is particularly important having in mind the complaints filed by the United States, Canada and Argentine and the dispute settlement proceedings initiated against the European Community and its Member States at the World Trade Organisation (WTO). However, many issues have not been resolved yet and they are a subject of intense debate at various levels (regional, state and Community). Individual Member States (as well as their regions) are exploring the possibilities under the EC law to pursue their own levels of environmental and human health protection, higher than the EC level deemed appropriate in this field, and to prohibit or restrict the free circulation and use of GMO and GM products within their territory. To determine the impact which the Community legal acts referring to GMO have on Member States' powers in this area of regulation it is essential to analyse the legal basis of the mentioned acts, their objective and content, and finally - the degree and scope of harmonization achieved at the EC level. It is essential to ensure transparency and coherence in this sensitive field of regulation and to provide balance between the fundamental objectives: establishment of high level of environmental and human health protection as well as providing smooth, undistorted functioning of the EC internal market and further safe development of modern biotechnology.
4
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Zaplanowane działanie czy przypadek: kreacja i rozwój klastrów biotechnologicznych

100%
Kania A.
Zarządzanie i Finanse
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 2
67-77
EN
The aim of this paper is to present the key factors that led to creation and development of biotech clusters. The analysis of four cases in different countries shows that the way to build successful biotech clusters varies immensely. However, it was possible to distinguish the most common success factor: in all presented cases it was the presence of reputable universities and research institutes in the region.
5
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Estetyka technociał.

75%
Gajewska G.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2012
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issue 6
123-138
PL
The article Aesthetics of the Techno-bodies deals with the cultural and contextual complexity of the modern and postmodern figure of the cyborg, or rather the human relation to technology. The main problem is the formulation of the scope of the aesthetics of techno-bodies or aesthetic of artificial bodies. It is a contribution to a more extensive problem concerning the aesthetic, condition and possibilities of development of contemporary human who enters more and more intensively and further and further into the postbiological era. In the article I am analysing four artistic works: 1. “Das schöne Mädchen” (Beautiful Girl) by Hannah Höch; “Tête Méchanique” (Mechanical head) by Raul Hausmann; “All You Zombies: Truth before God” by Roberd Long; Cyborg by Lynn Randolph. Analysis of these artworks is used to show different ideological and aesthetic approaches towards techno-bodies.
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