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EN
The paper presents the unique syncretism of Catholic Christianity and West African Vodun in Benin, Africa, and raises the problematic question of whether, in the context presented, it may be morally correct for a Catholic Christian to participate in Vodun rituals considered by outside Catholic observers to be witchcraft and thus cooperate with evil. In addition to introducing the syncretism of Catholic Christianity and West African Vodun and its theological basis, the paper introduces the relationship of the Celestial Church of Christ to West African Vodun and especially to the syncretism under consideration. In the next comprehensive part, the paper presents a theological‑ ethical reflection on a set of religious phenomena, asks key questions, seeks answers and presents various positions and completely competitive ethical aspects. The issue is viewed from the position of a Catholic theologian and ethnographer who studied the syncretism under consideration in Benin.
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Afryka
|
2017
|
issue 46
11-40
EN
The discussion of the subject is preceded by a comprehensive introduction that brings the Ewe people, inhabiting southern Togo and Benin, closer to the reader. Based on historical data and oral tradition, an outline of Ewe’s political structure is presented, starting from the 17th century to the present moment, followed by a description of the traditional social organisation of this people, along with information on the diverse social status of individuals. In this context, the available piecemeal information about the forms of modern slavery and trafficking is included. The main topic is the presentation of Ewe’s traditional kinship system and the importance of family ties. The religious and genealogical dimension of the family is subject to a detailed analysis. A reconstruction of traditional customs, based on information from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, is the starting point for presenting the institution of marriage. The article presents in detail the various stages of entering into a marriage: from getting to know each other and the period of engagement, negotiations regarding the size of the dowry, to the description of the wedding rituals. The article ends with information on the changes in marriage customs in the period after the creation of the independent state of Togo.
Afryka
|
2019
|
issue 49
11-32
EN
Starting from the definition of the concept of law among the Ewe people, se (its literal meaning is a border that should not be crossed) and justice dzodzoenyenye (in the ontological sense) and nutefew (in the existential sense), this article presents the process of judgment and forgiveness in the culture of Ewe people living in southern Togo and Benin. In Ewe culture, the judgment process takes place within the community, the immediate family or among the villagers. Wrongdoing is defined as disregarding the relationship with the god Mawu, insulting the deities of Tro or voodoo, disrespecting ancestors or committing offenses against a family or village. These offences are reflected in the language, in expressions describing the misdeeds. Then the process of judgment itself is presented, with traditional judgment procedures, traditional trial, judgment, forgiveness and cleansing. The acts and consequences of adultery and the afofofo cleansing ritual are also analysed. The verdict itself, importantly, is dictated by a desire to resolve the conflict and put an end to the dissonance in the community.
EN
The article presents current problems related to the Chinese cultural and educational activity in West Africa, developed since 2008 through Confucius Institutes. First part focuses on theoretical framework of concepts soft power and cultural diplomacy as tools of the Chinese foreign policy in West African states. Then, background and aims of establishment of Confucius Institutes were explained in a global, and regional, sub-Saharan context. Second part describes three main types of reactions of Africans for Confucius Institutes in West Africa. Apart from the general tendencies, described in the literature, author refers to first-hand statements of Nigerian students and lecturers from the local branches of the Confucius Institute. In the final remarks, common features of Confucianism and African values with contribute to „sino-optimistic” attitude where highlighted. They result in enthusiastic reception of the educational/propaganda offer of the Confucius Institutes in Africa.
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