Search results - CEJSH

1

Kuldsele Kaananimaale: esimestest eesti valjarandajatest Brasiilias

100%

Jurisson S.

Mäetagused

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2012

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vol. 50

91-112

EN

This article focuses on the formation of the Estonian community in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century. There were three waves of migration: the first decade of the 20th century, the time between the two world wars and the migration of Estonian refugees after World War II. Allegedly, the first Estonians reached Brazil at the beginning of the 19th century, although this is very unlikely. The first documented case is a sailor named Jüri Jürison, who visited Rio de Janeiro during his voyage from Kronstadt to Vladivostok in 1865. The first Estonian who resided in Brazil was a missionary named Hans Tiismann, who worked as a reverend in Santa Cruz in the years 1875-1884. The first evidence of the permanent Estonian population dates from 1902. The first larger group of Estonians arrived in Brazil in 1906 and immigration continued in subsequent years. The Brazilian states, especially Sao Paolo, were on constant promotion tours in Europe in order to attract more manpower to Brazil. It is not known how many Estonians reached Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century, but based on an estimate, the number could have been between 500 and 1000. Quite a large number of them were inhabitants of Estonian communes from other parts of the Russian Empire and many of them were Baptists. Due to the difficult conditions over there, several of those who had migrated to Brazil returned to their homeland after a few years. The article describes the causes of Estonians’ emigration to Brazil, the composition of migrants, group size, and adaptation in their new homeland. Also the article examines the promotional brochure written by Johann Gutmann, which had a strong influence on migrants.

2

„Missão dada, missão cumprida”. Kino polityczne José Padilhi wiwisekcją problemów współczesnej Brazylii

100%

Górnicka W.

In Gremium. Studia nad Historią, Kulturą i Polityką

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2015

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vol. 9

139-151

EN

Intention of this article is to present problems with public safety and sources of urban violence in Brazil in the three movies of José Padilha: “Ônibus 174”, “Tropa de Elite” and “Tropa de Elite 2. O Inimigo Agora É Outro”. In this films the director tried to shows how complex is the problem of violence in this country and in consequence he initiated a grave discussion about this question. Padilha focus attention on the most important factors which create this problem. His production are full of corruption in politics and police, violence in the streets, drugs and depravation of society. The director shows that the condition of Brazil and Brazilians is the result of the activity of all the members of society.

3

The Brazilian case: towards a paradigm of post-colonial studies

100%

Łukaszyk E.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2015

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issue 7(38)

181-194

EN

The aim of this article is to discuss the limited applicability of the “standard” post‑colonial method in the analysis of the Brazilian literature and culture. A new, trans‑ colonial paradigm is proposed instead, focusing on emerging idiosyncrasies rather than on the process of critical deconstruction of the European discourses and ideologies. In a comparative perspective confronting the studied case with other situations in the world, the article presents particular circumstances that shaped the trans‑ colonial pattern of development of the Brazilian culture. The factors and phenomena taken into the account are: the proportions of economic and cultural strength between the colony and its metropolis, the dynamics of the identity search that followed the moment of formal independence, the peculiarity related to the predominance of a non‑printed (oral or handwritten) culture and finally the emergence of cultural distinctiveness alien to Eurocentric canons.

4

Brand Clans: Consumption and Rituals Among Low-income Young People in the City of Porto Alegre

100%

Pinheiro-Machado R., Scalco L. M.

International Review of Social Research

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 1

107-126

EN

This article aims to analyze the Brazilian phenomenon of ‘brand clans’ or ‘brand communities’, which means a group of young people who spend all their money buying branded clothes. The research is based on an ethnography carried out about the youngsters, mostly male, from Morro da Cruz – the largest lower class community in Porto Alegre, Brazil. On the one hand, we discuss the tension between poverty and brand consumption and on the other hand, we aim to make an inventory of subjectivities, emotions, logic and meaning of these young people coming from lower class who make great sacrifices in order to become ‘fashionable’ and thus feel socially included. The article is divided into five sections. In the first three, we discuss more theoretical topics, such as consumption, class, youth, totems and rituals. In the last two, we enter more thoroughly in the empirical universe, showing the results obtained through an ethnographic study. We argue that brands play a vital role in the life of the informants. Brands are not only a source of prestige, but also of vitality, power, and citizenship.

5

THE ROLE OF ILO STANDARDS IN SHAPING SOCIAL PROTECTION IN GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES: EXAMPLE OF BRAZIL

100%

Petelczyc J.

Polityka Społeczna

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2019

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vol. 46

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issue 1(15) ENG HOW DECENT WILL BE WORK IN THE FUTURE? CENTENARY OF THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION

41-46

EN

This paper focuses on the actions of the ILO towards Global South, with Brazil as a focal point. As the International Labour Organization has changed its paradigm during one hundred years of existence, the policies toward Global South have also altered. Brazil is a country often evoked in the ILO reports as an example of good practices, i.e. the country that has taken millions of its inhabitants out of poverty. The study shows that ILO standards can be easier achieved when other important conditions are also fulfilled: especially good economic situation and government favourable to social change as well as active civil society and its pressure on reform and change.

6

Models of Development and Management of Brazilian University Sports: An Interpretation according to its Relationship with the State

100%

Starepravo F. A., Souza J. d., Marchi Júnior W.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2013

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vol. 58

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issue 1

33-42

EN

The present study is intended to discuss the way in which the state is constituted as a major element for the management of Brazilian university teams, pointing out, above all, the most recent moment that represents a hybrid model of development. To do so, empirical resources of research has been used: 1. Documents that belong to the file of the FPDU (an institution in the state of Paraná which is in charge of university teams), 2. The existing legislation on the theme, 3. Interviews with some of the agents who took part in the FPDU as members of the directory board throughout its history. It has been concluded that the state is directly responsible for the development of university sports in Brazil, mainly because between them there is an inter-dependence relationship through the financial support of sports.

7

Concerning Abolitionism, Black People, and Capoeira in the History of Brazil: Social and Moral (Im)Balances

100%

Padeski Ferreira A. L., Wanderley M. J.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2012

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vol. 56

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issue 1

33-40

EN

The purpose of this article is to discuss the changes that took place in relation to the peculiarities of Capoeira within Brazilian society. This popular practice, which is considered a martial art, a dance and a game, developed during the 19th century, where it was practiced by individuals from the lower walks of life. Practicing Capoeira was a felony, as it posed a threat to public safety, order, and morality. Presently, it has been upgraded to a Brazilian cultural asset, which shows how the perception of its practice has changed. These changes follow the different views of the historical processes related to abolitionism and the perverse incorporation of blacks into society at that time, which have continued until present time, having undergone significant changes and grown as a valued physical expression

8

The Role of a Donor in an Emerging Power’s Foreign Policy: Brazilian Solidarity Diplomacy

100%

Sawicka M.

Ad Americam

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2016

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issue 17

135-147

EN

Since 2003, Brazil has been searching for efficient modalities directed at deepening ties with Latin American and African states, such as knowledge sharing and engaging in dialogue on alternative ways of tackling common development challenges. Considered by Brazilian policymakers to be expressions of solidarity diplomacy, these concepts and modalities are part of what has been coined Brazil’s “autonomy through diversification” strategy. Brazilian presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff consecutively pursued geopolitical realignments focused on the creation of a multipolar world order with a strengthened, more visible position for Brazil, an emerging world power. This paper will examine the practical and theoretical implications of Brazil’s reconceptualization of its role as a donor of development aid, as well as donor-recipient relations as expressed in the two presidents’ official speeches, documents of the Brazilian Cooperation Agency, and COBRADI reports Furthermore, it will explore whether Brazil’s declared role as a development partner and its practices in the capacity thereof are consistent with the expectations of other significant development cooperation actors.

9

The future of social security in Brazil: is there a way without solidarity?

100%

Bernardi R., Pancotti H.

Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały

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2021

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issue 1(28)

43-60

EN

Brazilian Social Security System is based in intergeneracional solidarity. It means that today’s taxpayers maintain active pensions and need future taxpayers to sustain future pensions. There is no individual investment account and the actuarial health of the system depends on economic and populational growth to maintain itself. Economic crisis, socio- political context, gave rise to successive reforms intended to hinder access and reduce the amount of paid benefits. When the pandemic hit Brazil, and workers needed to activate social security to ganrantee income in the face of non-essential activities block, they found a bleack scenario in a dismantled protective system.

10

Więcej, bardziej, pełniej. Emigracja według Tomasza Łychowskiego

100%

Bąk M.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2017

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issue 2 (20) Oblicza kobiecości

255-264

EN

The aim of the article is to describe the way in which Tomasz Łychowski defines the phenomenon of emigration in his poems from the volume Spojrzenia (Glances, 2016). Emigration is not only regarded from different perspectives here, but the author also plays with the traditional image of an emigrant. In his poetry Tomasz Łychowski promotes the idea of unity in multiplicity and the value of diversity.

11

Mrożek i jego Tango w Brazylii

100%

Pluta A.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2018

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issue 1 (21) Pomiędzy Polską, Portugalią i Brazylią. Literatura – kultura – język – edukacja

161-172

EN

The article discusses Brazilian production of Sławomir Mrożek’s Tango staged in 1972 in Rio de Janeiro, as well as Polish‑Brazilian connections and relationships observed among the artists working on this play. A separate part of the article presents Mrożek’s one‑week stay in Rio de Janeiro and his contacts with the Brazilian press. The Polish author turned out to be a difficult interlocutor for Brazilian journalists. The article is based on the materials published in the local newspapers and interviews with the director and the actors.

12

Kampania promocyjna w kreowaniu marki kraju na przykładzie Brazylii

100%

Oślizło M.

Nauki o Zarządzaniu

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2015

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issue 1 (22)

36-53

EN

The article introduces the concept of nation branding (according to W. Olins model) together with the use of Integrated Marketing Communication tools in building a positive country image. The article shows the results of the research on influence of promotional campaign in the creation of nation brand (case study of Brazil and “The World meets in Brazil. Come celebrate life” campaign). The research was based on experiment which was verifying the influence of using the incentive on respondents.

13

W poszukiwaniu Bukowińczyków wśród społeczności polonijnej Brazylii. Kilka refleksji z badań w stanach Santa Catarina i Parana

100%

Kłosek E.

Etnografia. Praktyki, Teorie, Doświadczenia

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2021

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issue 7

325-344

EN

The article presents an account of research among a group of immigrants in Brazil, con- sisting of people originating from Bukovina. The group is presented against the backdrop of history and contemporary life of the Polish community residing in the states of Santa Catarina and Paranaʾ. The article describes trajectories of people hailing from various parts of Poland, who migrated to southern Brazil at the turn of the 19th and 20th century following the so-called “Brazilian fever” (the economic bubble of the 1880s). It presents the results of field research carried out in 2016–2017 and 2019, most of which refer to the research participants’“ethnic condition” and identity.

14

“Health and wealth” in contemporary Brazilian religious culture

89%

Siuda-Ambroziak R.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

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2018

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issue 4/270

PL

The various connections between financial, physical, and mental health are often visible: health (physical and mental) can have an outsized impact on one’s financial life. The reverse is true as well: financial well-being and socioeconomic status are often determining factors in what helps people keep healthy. How religious institutions (Igreja Internacional da Graça de Deus/International Church of the Grace of God – here IIGD), by means of their doctrines (prosperity gospel) and business-like (including religious marketing) strategies of growth, influence everyday life of their followers in Brazil, while taking advantage of the “health and wealth” concept for the sake of their own expansion, is the main topic of the article.

15

Podíl českých vojáků na portugalsko-nizozemském konfliktu v Brazílii v 17. století

88%

Staněk K.

Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)

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2015

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vol. 6

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issue 2

129-140

EN

The article focuses on the activities of the first Czech visitors to Brazil who arrived there as soldiers in the service of the Dutch West India Company (WIC). Between the years 1630–1654, the company fought with the Portuguese in the area with the aim of establishing a trade base and colony in the area, but was ultimately unsuccessful. The topic is placed in a wider context of Dutch expansion in the Atlantic coast of the Americas, which was at its peak in the second quarter of the 17th Century.

16

Foreign Investment and the Brazilian Real Estate Market

88%

da Rocha Lima J., de Alencar C.

International Journal of Strategic Property Management

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2008

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vol. 12

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issue 2

109-123

EN

This article discusses the main aspects of the Brazilian real estate market in order to illustrate if it would be attractive for a typical American real estate investor to buy office-building portfolios in Brazil. The article emphasizes: [i] - the regulatory frontiers, comparing investment securitization, using a typical American REIT structure, with the Brazilian solution, using the Fundo de Investimento Imobiliário - FII; [ii] - the investment quality attributes in the Brazilian market, using an office building prototype, and [iii] - the comparison of [risk vs. yield] generated by an investment in the Brazilian market, using a FII, benchmarked against an existing REIT (OFFICE SUB-SECTOR) in the USA market.We conclude that investing dollars exchanged for Reais [the Brazilian currency] in a FII with a triple A office-building portfolio in the São Paulo marketplace will yield an annual income and a premium return above an American REIT investment. The highly aggressive scenario, along with the strong persistent exchange rate detachment to the IGP-M variations, plus instabilities affecting the generation of income, and even if we adopt a 300-point margin for the Brazil-Risk level, demonstrates that an investment opportunity in the Brazilian market, in the segment we have analyzed, outperforms an equivalent investment in the American market.

LT

Šiame straipsnyje aptariami pagrindiniai Brazilijos nekilnojamojo turto rinkos aspektai, siekiant nustatyti, ar tipinis Amerikos nekilnojamojo turto investuotojas norėtų įsigyti Brazilijos biurų pastatų portfelį. Straipsnyje akcentuojama: 1 - kontrolės ribos, lyginant investavimą, kai paskolos paverčiamos vertybiniais popieriais, būdingoje Amerikos nekilnojamojo turto fondo (REIT) struktūroje su Brazilijos sprendimu pagal Fundo de Investimento Imobiliário (FII); 2 - investicijų kokybės bruožai Brazilijos rinkoje pagal biurų pastato prototipą; 3 - investicijų į Brazilijos rinką per FII (rizikos ir pelningumo) lyginimas sugretinus su veikiančia REIT (biurų sektorius) JAV rinkoje. Darome išvadą, kad investiciniai doleriai, FII iškeisti į realus (Brazilijos valiuta) su "Triple A" biurų pastato portfeliu, San Paulo rinkoje duos metines pajamas ir papildomą grąžą, didesnę už Amerikos REIT investiciją. Kai scenarijus itin agresyvus ir vyraujantis kursas atskiriamas nuo rinkos kainų bendrojo indekso (IGP-M) svyravimų, pajamos generuojamos nestabiliai, ir imama 300 taškų rizikos lygio Brazilijoje marža, matome, kad mūsų analizuotame segmente investicijos Brazilijos rinkoje duoda geresnius rezultatus nei analogiška investicija Amerikos rinkoje.

17

SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN BRAZIL. UNTAPPED POTENTIAL OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION?

88%

Cardoso Cekiera e Sousa C., Butowski K., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Urbański D., Piechowiak-Lamparska J., Bryc A., Bojarczyk B., Jorgensen F. A. E., Niedziołka D., Pacześniak A., Potorski R., Wincławska M., Włodkowska-Bagan A., Jeran A., Mol A., Solsbery A., Dąbrowska I., Głodkowski M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies

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2016

|

issue 2

PL

Brazil, the biggest country in South America creates the image of boundless land with unlimited richness of cultural diversity on a large scale. But its also creates big and very complicated social problems, which need to be solved. There is this huge number of citizens, who participate exclusively in poverty, hunger, misery, deprivation and violence.This article shows that the history of the assistance was complicated and not linear, often inhibited its development due to certain historical events as a military dictatorship, which really slowed development. The Brazilian social policy was perceived as very inefficient and ineffective in fighting poverty. The article aims to trace the historical and current social assistance programs in Brazil.There was practically no state-run social policy. Only in the era of industrialization workers' rights were implemented because of the fear of revolution and strikes. Social rights, as provision of housing or facilities for education and health care services were only applied to the formally employed – mostly male – urban, industrial proletariat. The biggest group of agricultural labourers (the overwhelming majority of the wage-dependent population as well as the majority of women) and unclassified workers were excluded from these benefits. Help was received by the group that the regime considered as dangerous. Social resistance against the dictatorial rule was growing.It all started to change when the capital accumulation led to the creation of factories. In particular, the low human capital development was seen as a major cause of long-term poverty. New subjects like trade unions, active members of the middle class, the Catholic Church led to a public debate, the effect of which became a climate conducive to the adoption of the Constitution of 1988. Article 6 says that education, health, work, housing, leisure, security, social security, protection of motherhood and children, help for the poor and are social rights under the terms of this Constitution (Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil). This political agenda clearly pushed for the expansion and decentralization of public social spending. It has become a base for the social safety net. The solution for the problem became Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs. Bolsa–Escola, Comunidade Solidária Program, Alfabetização Solidária Program and finally Bolsa Familia aim to reduce poverty by making welfare programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. The assumption of purpose of these programs is to interrupt the inter-generational transmission of poverty. It can be also assumed that the aim of the Brazilian authorities was to achieve the effect of empowerment. The well-defined cashflows have resulted in the emergence of the phenomenon of empowerment, which has greatly raised the efficiency of social policy.

18

Taxing foreign capital in Brazil: a sequential game

88%

Costa Filho J. R. M. G., Turolla F. A.

International Economics Letters

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2013

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vol. 2

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issue 3

5-11

EN

Emerging market economies have witnessed a surge in capital inflows as a result of monetary expansion in developed countries in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis. In this paper, we have modeled the Brazilian decision to tax foreign capital inflows, which were deemed to hurt country’s firm’s competitiveness as they made the Real currency stronger. We have presented a game between three players in which each agent maximizes its utility function in a sequential framework. The main result is that with everything else held constant the Brazilian government’s decision to tax foreign capital leads to an increase in domestic interest rates. Cost of capital should raise as a consequence of the strategic behavior of involved actors, namely the government, domestic banks and foreign investors. A cautious approach on those measures is then warranted.

19

Opportunities and Risks Associated with Exploitation of New Oilfields in Brazil

88%

Chwiej E.

Ad Americam

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2016

|

issue 17

149-162

EN

Brazil’s domestic energy production has risen in recent years, particularly since the discovery in 2007 of large oil and gas deposits in its pre-salt oilfields. This was an important event in the history of the energy sector in Brazil. The discovery of the new oil fields may be an opportunity for Brazil to improve its energy security and strengthen its position in the international arena. But the future of energy security of Brazil may be threatened by a recent scandal with country’s biggest energy company, Petrobras, mired in national debt, low oil prices, and the potential hazards of the oil industry for the environment. This article reviews the potential benefits and risks of exploitation of Brazil’s new oil deposits.

20

Affirmative Action in the Brazilian Higher Education System

88%

Chojnowska A., Siuda-Ambroziak R.

Ad Americam

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2016

|

issue 17

95-107

EN

The purpose of this article is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of affirmative action in the Brazilian system of higher education, which is aimed at benefitting Afro- Brazilians suffering from the legacy of structural racism and economic inequality. The authors will highlight some of the problems linked to the racial quota system, and demonstrate that its implementation is deeply hindered by several factors, such as traditional denial of existing racial prejudice in Brazilian society, a lack of precise, normative definitions of eligibility for programs, failure of pre-university public education to properly prepare students for university-level academics, and – last but not least – a lack of sufficient support from academic institutions. The article will present both quantitative and qualitative data that show the expectations, doubts, and fears of the Brazilian academic environment with regard to the racial quota system. After a review of Brazil’s racial history and an analysis of students’ and professors’ opinions, the authors will argue that, in order for colored citizens to become fully integrated into Brazilian society, they must first be legally enabled to overcome social, educational, and economic obstacles and handicap.

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