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Pax Britannica, Security and Akoko Resettlement, 1897–1960

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Adeyeri O.

West Bohemian Historical Review

2018

vol. 8

issue 2

215-223

British-inspired peace (Pax-Britannica) after 1897 terminated the spectre of widespread warfare, brigandage, insecurity and instability that pervaded Yorubaland, southwest Nigeria throughout the nineteenth century. The Akoko of northeast Yorubaland, like other Yoruba sub-groups, experienced their fair share of the impact of British colonial rule that followed the restoration of peace to the Yoruba territory. This paper seeks to explore the transformatory impact of British rule upon Akoko society, with respect to settlement pattern. Using Ikare, Okeagbe, Erusu, Oka, Ipe and Ajowa communities as case studies, data analysis revealed that the era of British administration considerably changed Akoko settlement pattern in terms of relocation and resettlement of old communities from hilltops, caves and other hideouts to open places in plains and lowlands, spatial arrangement, type and material make-up of Akoko buildings. The study concludes that peace, security and stability facilitated by Britain, colonial policies and Christian missionary initiatives were the principal factors responsible for fundamental changes in Akoko homesteads, architecture and general social organization. The work adopts the historical, descriptive analytical method.

Social and Economic Development of Akoko Society under Colonial Rule

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Adeyeri J. O.

West Bohemian Historical Review

2022

vol. 12

issue 1

63-79

The Akoko people are domiciled in the eastern part of Ondo State, and northeast Yorubaland, Nigeria. In 1897, Akokoland was conquered and brought under British rule. The transformatory impact of British colonial rule, especially in relation to Akoko economy and society still require scholarly attention. Between 1897 and 1960, Akokoland underwent a considerable degree of socio-economic transformation under British rule. In the social sphere, Western education provided Akoko indigenes with the requisite training to take up employment in the local administration workforce. The introduction and promotion of Christianity by European/expatriate missionaries and the colonial officials significantly undermined Akoko traditional religion, which the Akoko people resisted albeit briefly and unsuccessfully. Economically, British rule bequeathed to Akokoland a modern road network, which marked a clear departure from the pre-colonial road system in terms of socio-economic utility value. This was, however, accompanied by the introduction and use of forced labour. The evolution and growth of cash crop economy and the introduction of British currency created a new commercial elite of Akoko middlemen, leading to higher purchasing power and the transformation of Akoko architecture. The intensive drive for cash crop production and the attendant scarcity of land resulted in frequent land disputes and food crisis. This study, therefore, examined the role of British rule in Akoko economy and society between 1897 and 1960, with a view to identifying the significant social and economic transformations during the study period. It concludes that British rule served as an agent of positive and negative socio-economic transformation in Akokoland.

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2 West Bohemian Historical Review

1 Adeyeri J. O.

1 Adeyeri O.

1 2022

1 2018

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Pax Britannica, Security and Akoko Resettlement, 1897–1960

Social and Economic Development of Akoko Society under Colonial Rule