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1

Categorical Imperative: Personal, Legal and Political

100%

Buksinski T.

Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria

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2004

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vol. 13

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issue 4(52)

191-211

EN

The author highlights different senses of the Categorical Imperative in ethics, law and politics. These three different interpretations produce moral conflicts among subjects who try to apply the imperative. For instance the legal imperative imposes on the political subject the obligation to observe all laws, and in consequence justifies participation in criminal acts that perpetrated without breaking any binding laws. This clashes with the demands of the ethical imperative. It is also argued that moral justification of all forms of political power by the political imperative generates dubious political imperative of submission to all authorities. It is so because political subjects do not possess the power, according to Kant, to propose politically and morally binding interpretations of the original contract.

2

INFLUENCE OF I. KANT ON E. HUSSERL'S PHENOMENOLOGY (Vplyv I. Kanta na fenomenolohiyu E. Husserlia)

80%

Lavrukhin A.

Філософська Думка

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2009

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issue 1

109-124

EN

The research aims to show the difference between Husserl's phenomenology and philosophy of Immanuel Kant. The author focuses his attention on three points, which are fundamental for Husserl's phenomenology and philosophy of Immanuel Kant: the problem of a priori, the problem of impression of reason on the sensory perception and the question of the legitimacy of the categorical imperative. The question of how independent of the conceptual and methodical presuppositions of Kant's philosophy Husserl is in his attempts to execute the phenomenological revolution in philosophy - or, on the contrary, how dependent he is on these presuppositions is in the spotlight.

3

KANT, JUDGMENT AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT TRADITION

80%

Klimczyk J.

Etyka (Ethics)

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2007

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issue 40

144-159

EN

Kant is sometimes seen as 'the most adequate of the Social Contract theorists'. Although he seems to provide evidence for this view, it is not clear what exactly the role and meaning of consent in his theory is. The authoress argues that for Kant social contract is not a device of justification but an element in the process of judgment. Its role is to help us see if a proposed public law is rightful. The main line of her argument is as follows. First, she shows the differences between Kant's use of the idea of social contract and the use of it made by the authors of the Social Contract tradition. Secondly, she shows that Kant did not need any theory of social contract because for him social contract is a means of 'translation' of the abstract requirements of the Categorical Imperative into specific demands of justice for a particular political community. The conclusion is somewhat paradoxical: if Kant was a social contract theorist (and she believes he was) he is of a peculiar kind. His use of social contract articulates the conditions which make thinking in terms of 'possible consent' a theoretically fruitful and inspiring enterprise.

4

A Critique of Pure Concupiscence: Back to Lacan's Reading of Kant through Sade

80%

Piatkowska-Magnone L.

Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria

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2004

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vol. 13

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issue 4(52)

333-346

EN

This is an attempt to analyse a psychoanalitic reading of the 'Critique of Practical Reason', proposed by Jacques Lacan and his followers. In the well known article 'Kant through Sade' Lacan has pointed to a symmetry between the Categorical Imperative and the 'imperative of delight' of Marquise de Sade. Lacan argues that moral law presupposes a bifurcation of the subject that splits it into the subject of uttering (the imperative and the other that stands behind it) and the subject of utterace, or the symbolic identity. A similar division of the subject is found in de Sade, where the will of the submitting party is subjects to the will of the other ordering it to 'indulge in delight'. In Kant's philosophy laws is an impersonal injunction that comes from nowhere. Lacan interprets this aspect of Kant's philosophy as an attempt to make the other invisible or barely adumbrated as a sadistic executioner. The Categorical Imperative is like a cruel maxim imposed by the other, and its functioning resembles the operation of the superego. Finally the author proposes to get further insights into Kant's philosophy by following Slavoj Zizka and reading Kant not only through de Sade's: 'Frenchmen, make one more effort, if you want to become republicans', but also by relying on Kafka's novels and films by Passolini.

5

Czy odpowiedzialność za drugiego może być imperatywem rozumu? Kant a Levinas

61%

Hernas A.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2014

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vol. 42

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issue 2

117-129

EN

This article is an attempt to confront Levinas’s ethics of responsibility with Kant’s theory of the categorical imperative and the autonomy of the mind on some crucial issues. Pointing out differences and similarities, I consider a number of hypotheses regarding their mutual relations. I propose the following options: the categorical imperative as a foundation of the principle of responsibility; responsibility for another as a condition of ethical sensibility in a subject capable of acting rationally and morally; Kant’s rational ethics as an elimination of ethics built on desire; responsibility for another as a fundamental questioning of the autonomy of the mind and free will; a possible synthesis of both ethics by limiting Kant’s concept of the autonomy of the mind and Levinas’s concept of absoluteness. While not deciding which stand is best justified, one must note Levinas’s symptomatic favoring of Kant, even though he is well-known as a thorough critic of European philosophy.

6

MORALITY, PSYCHOANALYSIS, AND NATURALISM. KANT AND FREUD ON MORAL MOTIVATION (Moralnosc, psychoanaliza, naturalizm. Kant i Freud o motywacji moralnej)

51%

Schetz A.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2010

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issue 12

129-141

EN

The paper considers the issue of moral motivation in light of recent construals and accounts of Freud's views. It attempts to show the merits of taking some Freudian claims, especially those concerning the development of superego, as giving a plausible naturalistic picture of dynamic process of assimilation of Kantian categorical imperative. In the course of this attempt the views of such philosophers as R. Wollheim, J. Lear, and D. Velleman are being invoked and discussed.

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2 Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria

1 Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

1 Etyka (Ethics)

1 Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

1 Філософська Думка

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1 Buksinski T.

1 Hernas A.

1 Klimczyk J.

1 Lavrukhin A.