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Some thoughts about the historical preliminaries and consequences of the formation of peripheries

100%

Baranyi B.

Ter es Tarsadalom (Space and Society)

2004

vol. 18

issue 2

1-21

The essay, which also deals with universal historical correlations, introduces the historical preliminaries and the consequences of the formation of peripheries in Hungary. The author, by discussing the historical dimensions of the centre-periphery relations, gives an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the inner peripheries (e.g. Bihar, Middle Tisza region, Szatmár, Cserehát, large areas of Somogy and Tolna counties etc.) and also of the outer (border region) peripheries. The author also explores, mostly using the example of the large region of the Great Hungarian Plain, the features of the backwardness, in some cases multiple deprivation. In the author's view, the history of the Great Hungarian Plain is actually the history of a belated development in a belated country: as regards the level of development, the larger part of East Hungary is semi-peripheral in character. The accession of Hungary to the European Union, however, can decrease the existing territorial differences on the whole, alleviate the crisis phenomena coming from the backward situation and promote the catching up of the peripheral regions. Today it seems certain that a combination of sustainable development and decline will be typical in the inner and external peripheries for a longer time, although the crisis will be less and less significant, confined to the level of certain micro-regions. It remains an open question, however, how much the supports expected after the EU accession of Hungary will contribute to the fundamental transformation of the centre-periphery relations. These supports will nevertheless be crucial for the catching up of the Hungarian peripheries, because they will find it difficult or even impossible to get out of the long-term crisis on their own.

MODERNISATION, REGIME AND THE HUNGARIAN REALITY (A modernizacio, a rendszervaltozas es a magyar valosag)

63%

Kulcsar K.

Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)

2009

vol. 27

issue 4

375-400

Setting out from F. Braudel's theoretical basis of breaking up history into planes the author puts the question what kind of a process is modernisation in Hungary in respect of duration. Before suggesting an answer at first he clarifies what the concept of modernisation mean and what are the indicators of modernity. Centre and periphery are the two most important factors in the process, and the development of the former one is significantly achieved to the detriment of the latter one. Belatedness means the emulation of external pattern in the periphery, particularly in the globalised world economy. There is, however, no mechanical and linear development and it is not possible to transform a society by imported ideas and institutions. Modernisation can only unfold on the basis of the conditions of the given country. Next the author surveys the process of Hungarian modernisation and states that the country has become one without authority in the first decade of the 21st century. Further on he studies how far the political system is capable of and willing to sense and manage the problems, conflicts and changes of society. He studies political structure and culture and its pre-modern elements in this context. He finds that the inadequate elements of the state organisation and of the party system hinder modernisation. Among others the party system also does not form a modern party structure. The parties move along a forced track in the grave economic situation, their social base is uncertain and they are burdened by 'isms'. The author deals with the rule of law, legal security and the behaviour of the authorities and people as well as legal operation in a separate passage. Based on the election and governmental practice of the past twenty years he finds that anomic social phenomena do not promote the process of modernisation. For the time being modes of the solution of the economic crisis and the completion of modernisation are still awaited or are uncertain.

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1 Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)

1 Ter es Tarsadalom (Space and Society)

1 2009

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Some thoughts about the historical preliminaries and consequences of the formation of peripheries

MODERNISATION, REGIME AND THE HUNGARIAN REALITY (A modernizacio, a rendszervaltozas es a magyar valosag)