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EN
Focusing on Czech birth care, this article examines the birth experience of 40 women who gave birth in different maternity hospitals during the past seven years. It investigates how these women approached birth care and what ideas they had about it. The article builds on semi-structured and narrative interviews with postpartum women, which were conducted within two different research projects. The interviewees differed in many aspects and especially in their general approach to childbirth issues and their interest in the subject. Several key issues emerged out of the thematic analysis of interviews: fear of childbirth, birth care evaluations, priorities and demands, and strategies of their enforcement. These issues are part of a wider concept of birth care, and five different conceptions of birth care were identified in the women’s birth narratives. They reflect different attitudes to the medicalization of birth care, different levels of knowledge and interest in childbirth issues, and different perceptions of their own position in the context of care provision.
EN
The Belle Époque was a period, when the topics, that until this moment had been recognised as taboo, entered the literature for example illegitimate children, abandonment of child, abortion and infanticide. The most frequent social problem associated with maternity in that time were unmarried mothers. Usually they originated from working class and were oppressed because they broke customary standard. The paper is about two personages from books written at the end of the 19th century by Polish and Czech women writters. They were interested in the situation of young pregnant and un-married women. Both of them write about transformation of woman’s pregnant body and analyse, how it affects their thinking about maternity and their unborn children. On the other hand, these stories are also about social marginalization of the illegal mothers and about awakening femininity by labour pains. Kaśka Kariatyda written by Polish writter Gabriela Zapolska is primarily a story about negligence of sexual education and pregnancy, which leads up to death of eponymous. As antithesis I choosed novel Vzpoura written by Czech writter, Božena Viková-Kunětická. She was convinced that all women are entitled to maternity, regardless of their marital status. Furthermore, she claimed, that the essential factor of femininity are labour pains, and it is the only way for women to understand themselves.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2021
|
vol. 53
|
issue 3
309 – 336
EN
This paper reflects some views on the biological background of fertility tempo and its demographic consequences. Assumptions are tested on Serbian fertility data, based on deductive conclusions and by applying the demographic method. Due to decreasing odds for conception as well as for a live birth pregnancy outcome with a woman’s age, the changing of the age-pattern of fertility in Serbia has led to fewer births, and has revealed the negative influence of a dispersion of births outside of an optimal reproductive age on fertility rates. This article summarizes findings about social context of fertility postponement and age-related infertility in women and clarifies the biologically driven demographic consequences of childbirth postponement on the total number of births and total fertility rate.
EN
The article examines the concept of biopower as it relates to contemporary reproductive medicine. It puts forth analytical frames for understanding the ways in which the power and hegemony of modern Western medicine (biomedicine) are applied and negotiated in the field of human reproduction, and it proposes possible uses for such frames in the sociological study of Czech reproductive medicine. It deals mainly with biopower and biopolitics as analytical concepts pertaining to the control and administration of the modern population, governmentality, medicalisation, and authoritative knowledge. The article conceives biomedicine as a sign of the normalisation of modern society, identified with the Western concept of health and illness and the idea of technological progress, and subjects it to critical sociological analysis. It focuses on an analysis of reproductive medicine, a key sphere of biopower. In the context of biopower, analysis of the normative nature of reproductive medicine and its consequences in the wider social space is signifi cant. Such consequences affect intimacy and sexuality, the institute of kinship, heteronormative reproduction, gender identities, and more. The authors’ interest in this subject is motivated by the strong connections between reproductive medicine, technology, and the commodification of health and illness. The article also focuses on the methods that Czech sociology has used to date to study this topic. The authors aim to introduce a conceptual approach into Czech sociology of medicine and use it to analytically link the theme of biopower and reproductive medicine.
EN
The women's decision regarding the time they intend to spend home with their children after their birth may depend on several factors. Various factors affect the time of the comeback. In this study the author shall present the results of the secondary analysis performed on the database Monitor 2003. In the course of the analysis parameters related closely to the mother got examined, such as the mothers age, academic qualification, the length of her working experience before delivery, her position at the working place, her marital status and her salary. Among these the qualification, the position at the working place and the salary proved to be the most determinative factors. All of these three show a negative connection with the length of the time spent staying at home.
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