Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 8

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  COGNITIVE PROCESSES
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

BIOLOGICAL CLOCK AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES

100%
Iskra-Golec I.
Psychological Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 3
15-24
EN
The first part of the article introduces to the problems of biological clock. Explains basic terms, structure and function of the circadian pacemaker. The second part presents a review of the most important research on the circadian cognitive performance rhythms. The theories explaining mechanisms underlying time of day effect are discussed. The postlunch dip has been suggested to be a manifestation of ultradian component of daily oscillations of cognitive processes.
2

PHASIC HEART RATE CHANGES AS AN INDICATOR OF SELECTED COGNITIVE PROCESSES

100%
Rynkiewicz A.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
|
2005
|
vol. 12
59-86
EN
The phasic heart rate reaction accompanying an important stimulus display is a well known response in the field of psychophysiology. It is so universal in empirical practice, that it can be referred to as a response pattern. Nevertheless, a considerable replicability of the reaction's curve shape and high consistence of the conditions evoking it, have not yet resulted in formulating unequivocal theoretical model explaining the psychological background to this phenomenon. In the article I present the most prominent conceptions whose authors try to create a coherent psychophysiological picture of the heart rate fluctuations before and after exposition of a stimulus. These conceptions can be divided into two categories relative to the applied experimental paradigm. The first one is based on findings from the studies in which a typical signalled reaction time tasks were used. In this case the phasic changes in the heart rate are of anticipatory character. The second category applies to the models based on the well known orienting response theory and therefore using a sudden unexpected stimulus in the experimental paradigm. In that case the observed phenomenon is viewed as reactive in relation to the stimulus. Presenting the above mentioned conceptions I also included the inferences from psychophysiological studies that grant new insights and can make important contribution to the existing psychological theories. Multitude of ideas does not serve the clarity of description, that is why, in the recapitulation I try to emphasise the common aspects of the ideas. Although I mention the facts that indicate certain discrepancies between the presented approaches, most of all I focus on the facts that allow me to make a unified interpretation.
3

CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH OF COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN A WORK BY MICHAEL COLE (Interkulturni vyzkum poznavacich procesu v dile Michaela Colea)

80%
Seidlova-Malkova G., Bartlova A.
Pedagogický časopis (Journal of Pedagogy)
|
2010
|
vol. 1
|
issue 1
64-84
EN
Based on the work by Michael Cole, one of the most remarkable representatives of American cultural psychology, the paper outlines main topics of the field, specifically in relation to the methodological issues of intercultural studies on cognitive processes. The scientific shifts in the development of M. Cole's views are described, documented by his own research studies. Among the relevant theoretical and methodological issues, the questions of ecological validity of the research are discussed, in which any explanations of cultural developmental differences by specific educational factors are disputable as a result of mutual interdependence of culture, education and cognition. The study also refers to the theoretical background of Cole's approach, as impacted by the European traditions in cultural psychology (represented by L. S. Vygotskij and A. R. Lurija).
4

APPLICATION OF QUANTUM PHYSICS TO THE COGNITIVE PROCESSES

80%
Michal S., Pavol S.
Studia Psychologica
|
2010
|
vol. 52
|
issue 4
363-367
EN
A brief description of basic principles of quantum physics is followed by a discussion on its practical application in psychology and by various descriptions of quantum psychology. The paper focuses only on one specific field - complementarity. The authors provide definitions (K.H. Reich) and some applications to cognitive systems. The application of the complementarity principle in psychology has not been generally accepted.
5

Risk as necessity and risk as pleasure: The perception of instrumental and stimulating risks

80%
Zaleskiewicz T., Piskorz Z.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2007
|
vol. 38
|
issue 4
206-216
EN
This paper proposes a new way of differentiating among risks. We assume that an important factor in risk perception is whether people perceive risk taking as a pleasure or as a necessity to reach a goal. Two studies are presented. Study 1 examines whether different risks can be divided into two categories: the category of instrumental risks (risk-as-necessity), and the category of stimulating risks (risk-as-pleasure). The results of this study indeed show that risk can be divided into two categories: 1) stimulating risks (e.g., bungee-jumping), and 2) instrumental risks (e.g., taking a bank-loan). Study 2 tests whether the perception of instrumental risk is more rational (probability as a basis for risk estimation) and the perception of stimulating risk is more emotional (fear as a basis for risk estimation). The main effects of the analysis of variance as well as post-hoc tests confirm this assumption.
6

FROM EXPERIMENTS WITH COGNITION TO THE PSYCHO-REGULATORY CONCEPT

80%
Ruisel I.
Studia Psychologica
|
2009
|
vol. 51
|
issue 4
273-277
EN
On the occasion of the 80th birthday celebrations of Prof. Damian Kovac the author defines the main topics of his work at the Institute of Experimental Psychology, Slovak Academy of Sciences. He dedicated a considerable amount of time and attention to experimental research into cognitive processes along the lines of inter-functionality demands. He laid out the main principles of the psycho regulatory concept of personality based on the obtained knowledge. The concepts overlap with empirical research results.
7

HOW EYELIDS MAY BETRAY DECEIT? MACHIAVELLIAN PERSONALITY AND TWO KINDS OF BLINKING AS CORRELATES OF EMOTIONAL AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES

80%
Draheim S. E.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
|
2007
|
vol. 15
33-46
EN
The author explores blinking as component of startle reflex and spontanous behavior - especially eyelid flutters and prolonged eye closures. In experimental study these two kinds of blinking were analysed in high and low Machiavellian subjects during telling truth and telling lies. The results are consistent with the idea that flutters can be associated with cognitive processes like censoring as well as with negative emotions. Prolonged eyelid closures seems to be rather correlates of emotional processes. It turns out that Individual differences in Machiavellian personality can influence eyelid flutters rate during telling lies. Pros and cons of two kinds of blinking as clues to deceit are also discussed.
8

VZŤAH MEDZI VYBRANÝMI KOGNITÍVNYMI PROCESMI A POROZUMENÍM METAFORE U SLOVENSKÝCH VYSOKOŠKOLSKÝCH ŠTUDENTOV

61%
Vernarská M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2017
|
vol. 20
|
issue 2
-
EN
The main goal was to explore a relationship between selected cognitive processes – a verbal analytical reasoning, a nonverbal analytical reasoning, a generalisation, and a metaphor comprehension in a Slovak sample. Our hypothesis is that metaphor comprehension is closely connected to other cognitive processes, for empirical investigation we chose an analytical reasoning and a generalisation. In a process of metaphor, we seek common shared attributes and meanings between two different aspects, objects. Thus, important are processes of analytical reasoning, categorization and induction. A fact that analytical reasoning is closely connected to metaphor comprehension verifies various research f. e. Castillo (1998), Johnson, Henley (1992), De Barros et al (2010). Only a limited work and investigation has been done in Slovak psychology regarding the metaphor topic, so we aspire to contribute to progress in this area and confirm findings of research with a tool of own provenience in a Slovak sample. This research was conducted on the sample of university students of the humanities. A sample was selected to control age, the field of study and associated cognitive variables and level of education as well. The sample was gender unbalanced, which is partly a matter of disproportion of gender in this field of study. The selected cognitive processes - verbal analytical reasoning, nonverbal analytical reasoning and generalisation were measured by means of the standardised intelligence test ISA-S. Our research showed that in process of metaphor comprehension the most important is verbal analytical reasoning, more than generalisation. This research suggests an additional perspective on cognitive processes in the context of metaphor comprehension. As a limitation of research, we consider a relatively limited possibility to apply research findings on broader population and relatively small amount of explored cognitive processes.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.