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KONCEPTUALIZÁCIE VÝSKUMU HRANÍC: MINULOSŤ A SÚČASNOSŤ

100%
Dančišin V.
Annales Scientia Politica
|
2016
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vol. 5
|
issue 2
6 -14
EN
The study provides a summary of the most crucial conceptualisations regarding border studies. The aim is to introduce main concepts and categories employed by scholars in the field of border studies. The conceptualization of border studies point out that the issue of borders offer full range of possibilities for research.
2

THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF 'HEAD' IN HUNGARIAN

100%
Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2007
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vol. 131
|
issue 4
385-403
EN
In this paper, the author makes an attempt to reconstruct the linguistic image of the notion denoted by fej 'head' in Hungarian. The analysis is based on the Hungarian National Corpus, relevant dictionaries and encyclopaedias, proverbs, phraseologisms, as well as linguistic data collected from everyday speech. The prototypical features of 'head' yielded the following aspects of description: (1) the situation of the head within the human or animal body (the head is part of the body, hence the word fej activates the whole human/animal body and profiles the body part concerned); (2) the external appearance of a head: its shape and structure (we refrained from a detailed anatomical analysis presupposing a scientific perspective of orientation and restricted our attention to the linguistic image); (3) the function of the head that is categorized, in the most general structure, as activity (a domain from which several subdomains can be derived by concretisation or specification); and (4) ways of conceptualising the notion of 'head'. The analysis provided makes it clear that, in order to reconstruct the linguistic image of the notion of head in Hungarian, a cognitive basis consisting of several domains has to be taken into consideration. The richness and multifariousness of the linguistic material, the multiplicity of polycategorial manners of conceptualisation suggest that the view of the world emerging behind the word fej faithfully reflects the extraordinary significance of that body part in peoples' lives.
3

ON THE CONCEPTUALISATION OF NEGATIVE EMOTIONS BELONGING TO THE DOMAIN OF FEAR

100%
Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
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2005
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vol. 129
|
issue 2
202-209
EN
Talking about feelings expresses the ways of experiencing emotions - and acting or behaving in accordance with them - that are conventionally associated with them in the given culture. Negative emotions belonging to the domain of fear (alarm, anguish, anxiety, concern, consternation, dread, excitement, fright, horror, panic, scare, shudder, terror, tremble) are often conceptualised in Hungarian as a force paralysing human body, as a container [into which emotions get as a substance (movement in), in which they are contained, and out of which they emerge (movement out)], as a liquid substance, as a gaseous substance, as an enemy, as a dominator (occupier), as an animate being (man, beast, bird), as a building, as a mirror, or as a positive force.
4

SEMANTIC CHANGES OF THE PREVERB 'BE' ('IN') II.

100%
Szili K.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
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vol. 129
|
issue 3
282-299
EN
This paper undertakes tracing down the semantic changes of the Hungarian preverb 'be' ('in') in the theoretical framework and with the methods the author set up during a similar discussion of the preverb 'ki' ('out'). This means, practically speaking, that she amalgamates the relevant syntactic and semantic aspects with a cognitively-based classification of arguments of the 'where to' type that can be considered a primary argument type of verbs combined with 'be,' as well as with a description of conceptualisation processes involving those arguments. As is revealed by Table 1 summarising the results of this investigation, the semantic bleaching of the preverb 'be' is due to processes at two levels that are interrelated and follow from one another. On the one hand, we have to do with a series of linearly linked changes from group A, standing for increasingly abstract representations of three-dimensional IN places, to group B that involves no characteristics of 'internal space' at all. On the other hand, however, within the various subtypes of internal spaces, a number of events may have occurred that resulted in a perfectivising role of the preverb and its various Aktionsart-forming functions. The description of changes involving illative landmark and trajectory functions reveals that the frequency of those events, their grammatical quality and the subsequent modification of directional meanings depend on the degree of abstraction and conceptualisation of IN places.
5

SOME ISSUES OF THE CONCEPTUALISATION OF POSITIVE EMOTIONS

100%
Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
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vol. 129
|
issue 1
71-77
EN
Feelings are phenomena that cannot be expressed linguistically, i.e. in words. Thoughts have structure that can be reconstructed with the help of words; but feelings, by their very nature, do not have structure, hence they are linguistically inexpressible. Despite the fact that we are unable to literally describe what we feel, we can still speak about emotions making extended use of metaphors that 'copy' predefined patterns, conventionalised linguistic forms, units, phraseologisms, etc. In view of the foregoing, the present paper tries to define the fundamental direction of the conceptualisation of positive emotions. The linguistic material shows that, in order to fulfil that task, the following cognitive domains have to be accessed: (1) the domain of SPACE (characterised by the notions MOVEMENT IN, MOVEMENT OUT, MOVEMENT UP and MOVEMENT DOWN); (2) the domain of SEEING; (3) the domain of TEMPERATURE; (4) the domain of PRESSURE; (5) the domain of COLOUR; (5) the domain of OBJECT (i.e., the perception of emotions as pseudo-bodies like OBJECT in general, and its concrete forms like CONTAINER, BUILDING, FOOD, etc.) that is closely related to the domain of SUBSTANCE (occurring either generally or more concretely as WATER, LIQUID, etc.); (7) the domain of LIVING CREATURE (HUMAN BEING, GUEST, ANIMAL); and (8) the domain of POWER.
6

SEMANTIC CHANGES OF THE PREVERB 'BE' ('IN') I.

100%
Szili K.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
|
vol. 129
|
issue 2
151-164
EN
This paper undertakes tracing down the semantic changes of the Hungarian preverb 'be' ('in') in the theoretical framework and with the methods the author set up during a similar discussion of the preverb 'ki' ('out'). This means, practically speaking, that she amalgamates the relevant syntactic and semantic aspects with a cognitively-based classification of arguments of the 'where to' type that can be considered a primary argument type of verbs combined with 'be,' as well as with a description of conceptualisation processes involving those arguments. As is revealed by Table 1, summarising the results of this investigation, the semantic bleaching of the preverb 'be' is due to processes at two levels that are interrelated and follow from one another. On the one hand, we have to do with a series of linearly linked changes from group A, standing for increasingly abstract representations of three-dimensional IN places, to group B that involves no characteristics of 'internal space' at all. On the other hand, however, within the various subtypes of internal spaces, a number of events may have occurred that resulted in a perfectivising role of the preverb and its various Aktionsart-forming functions. The description of changes involving illative landmark and trajectory functions reveals that the frequency of those events, their grammatical quality and the subsequent modification of directional meanings depend on the degree of abstraction and conceptualisation of IN places.
7
Content available remote

Le tertium comparationis en linguistique contrastive : problèmes et méthodes

86%
Pekelder J.
Linguistica Pragensia
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2010
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vol. 20
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issue 1
22-36
EN
One of the central methodological problems within contrastive linguistics concerns the nature of the tertium comparationis (TC). On the whole, we can distinguish two approaches. The first one induces the TC directly from the language data and is universalistic. The second deduces the TC from a metatheory about the intrinsic characteristics of natural language and is relativistic. The present contribution serves a strictly methodological purpose, namely to present some new arguments in favour of the latter approach.
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