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1

POZNÁMKY KU KONCEPTUALIZÁCII V ENVIRONMENTÁLNYCH DEJINÁCH NA SLOVENSKU

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Hronček P., Chrastina P.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 2
408 – 433
EN
The study represents a probe into the issue of conceptualisation of environmental history in Slovakia based on a research of Slovak and foreign literature. Chronological aspect emphasizes the period of the end of the Middle Ages and the Modern Period. An overview of the process of formation and development of the environmental history is complemented with the characteristics of the discipline from the most significant representatives in the field. The study also deals with the meta-theoretical and theoretical-methodological aspects of the study of the relations between man and the environment in the past.
2

THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF THE CONCEPT OF 'MOTHER' IN HUNGARIAN

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Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
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2006
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vol. 130
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issue 3
261-271
EN
The concept 'mother' has a comparatively wide, multi-profile cognitive base in Hungarian that is appropriately reflected in its internal taxonomy, too. Several domains make up that base. For instance, in the domain of family, two profiles are distinguished: those of parent and wife. (A metaphorical extension of human family relations is the parent-female profile.) The next domain of the cognitive base is that of time, within which the lexeme mother accesses the profile of age; as well as the domains of sacrum and value. The linguistic image sketched in this paper transmits not only the traditionally fixed cultural pattern but it also takes present-day social realia into consideration as well. The image of mother in the Hungarian language is in general composed of positive associations. It has to be added, however, that the emotional relations concerning mother as described in this paper are less than fully adequate. From the perspective of children, mother can be negatively evaluated, too, as a person with a conservative frame of mind, curbing one's freedom, and forcing young people to follow patterns of behaviour that they no longer accept as appropriate. In the analysis we have used the material of the Hungarian National Text Corpus, the relevant dictionaries and encyclopaedias, as well as proverbs, phraseologisms, religious texts and questionnaire data.
3

THE NOTION OF 'FAMILY' IN THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF THE WORLD (AS REFLECTED IN A QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY ON HUNGARIAN)

100%
Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
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2007
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vol. 131
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issue 2
235-245
EN
In this paper, the author presents dictionary definitions of the notion 'family' and then he analyses the results of a questionnaire survey consisting of 193 positions. The questionnaire contained twelve questions, four of which concerned the age, gender, educational level, and type of domicile of the subjects. The rest of the questions were as follows: 1. What does the word 'family' mean to you? 2. The major characteristics of a family (list as many as you can). 3. What objects do you associate with the family? 4. What is a typical Hungarian family like? 5. What is the ideal family like? 6. What is the family good for? 7. What persons does a family consist of? 8. What songs, proverbs, etc. do you know that refer to the family? It is worth pointing out that the subjects primarily took family members to include father, mother, and child(ren), but they often also mentioned grandparents or all one's relatives, including godparents. Some subjects even listed dogs, cats, and other pets, too. Of the functions of the family, the following were mentioned: (a) nurturing function, (b) nursing function, (c) socio-cultural function, (d) economic function, and (e) biological function. The typical Hungarian family was given an unfavourable description by most subjects. It is worth noting furthermore that when subjects intended to give a definition of 'family', they covered the usual lexico­graphic or encyclopaedic features but they additionally pointed out several novel features that are to be taken as 'necessary' (e.g., 'family' - 'home' ('house')) as they constitute a unified cognitive domain with the other conventional features. Such interpretation of the concept at hand differs from its dictionary definitions that are normally restricted to 'necessary and sufficient' features.
4

LIFE IS ROAD OR 'WHICH WAY TO YOU'

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Kowalewska-Dabrowska J.
Stylistyka
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2005
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vol. 14
615-634
EN
The aim of the article is to present comparatively the fragment of the world view (connected with concept of life) in the Polish language and in the idiolect of Jan Twardowski's poetry. The interpretations are based on Langacker's network model, on Lakoff and Johnson's cognitive model of metaphors and on the proposals of Polish authors about using cognitive methods in interpretation of poetry. The conceptualization of life (connected with the conceptualization of death) can be described both as commonplace (gr. topós coinós) – life is road, and as cognitive metaphor: LIFE IS ROAD / JOURNEY. The paper presents different particular realizations of this metaphor in the Polish language and in Twardowski's poetry. The analyses are carried out with the use of profiling method. The most characteristic for Twardowski's idiolect is the religious profile of life, conceptualized as a road (journey) to Heaven (God). So, the religious profile is the kind of metaphor LIFE IS ROAD / JOURNEY TO HEAVEN / GOD. This profile is often connected with the profile of heaven. The analysis shows that in Twardowski's poetic language, otherwise than in the everyday use of Polish language, a life which is hard and dangerous (as a road to God) is more valuable than a life which is easy and simple.
5

THE CONCEPTUAL IMAGES OF ANGER IN SPANISH AND POLISH IDIOMS (Las imagenes conceptuales dela ira en los fraseologismos Espanoles y Polacos)

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Gajos A.
Linguistica Silesiana
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2007
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vol. 28
115-132
EN
In the paper the authoress intends to present the analysis of the conceptualisation of the feeling of anger that is done on the basis of selected Polish and Spanish idioms. The aim of her contrastive investigations, carried out in the spirit of Cognitive Grammar, is to demonstrate the analogy between the conceptual images of anger in Polish and Spanish. The analysis of conventional linguistic units, having both metaphorical and metonymic basis, is done within the dimensions of TIME, SPACE, the sense of TOUCH (in the aspect of temperature, pressure and colour) and SIGHT. The comparison of conceptual metaphors, that constitute the basis of both Polish and Spanish phraseology, allows one to discern the similarities in the conceptualisation of the feeling of anger in the two languages. Anger is usually conceptualised as SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, CONTAINER, FIRE, RED COLOUR, ARMED OPONENT or RUSHING CAR. Anger generally manifests itself as a negative and harmful feeling and its connection with how it is experienced and expressed by means of conventional behaviours referring to common cultural, psychological and physiological patterns testifies to the fact that there is an analogy in the way it is conceptualised in both Polish and Spanish phraseology.
6

IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION INFORMATION ON RETIREMENT PLANNING INTENTION AND RETIREMENT CONCEPTUALIZATION

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Bačová V., Kohút M., Halama P.
Studia Psychologica
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2023
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vol. 65
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issue 2
133-153
EN
The research aim was to find out whether providing information on psychological preparation would produce changes in pre-retirees retirement planning intentions and advance retirement concepts. In the experiment, we divided the pre-retirees (N = 567, mean age of 54.91, SD = 3.55 years, working full-time) into four groups (with and without pre-test, with and without the information provided). There were no differences between the pre-test and post-test conditions. However, the results showed that participants acknowledged the need to prepare for retirement even before the intervention. The participants also rated themselves as psychologically prepared for retirement. The results also indicated which pre-retirees could benefit from psychological preparation: those who believe they would have a disadvantageous and unfavourable retirement transition. The next group is the ones who tend to conceptualize their retirement as an imposed disruption as they also perceive their psychological resources for a successful transition as insufficient.
7

La metáfora conceptual ALEGRÍA ES EL LÍQUIDO en polaco y en español. Un estudio basado en corpus

88%
Adamiczka J.
Estudios Hispánicos
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2010
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vol. 18
147-162
EN
The purpose of this paper is to provide a contrastive analysis of some metaphorical conceptualizations of the notions expressed by the words alegría and radość. I analyze the metaphorical expressions which contain the lexical items in question and are based on the source domain of LIQUID. The method used in this study combines the theory of conceptual metaphor with the methods of corpus-based linguistics. This study is aimed to compare the way in which the source domain of LIQUID is elaborated linguistically in the analyzed expressions and to show which parameters of the emotion of joy are highlighted by particular aspects of this domain.
8

CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE PRIVATE PROPERTY LEGITIMATION: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL GROUNDS (Teoretyko-metodolohichni pidvalyny kontseptualizatsii legitymatsii pryvatnoi vlasnosti)

88%
Reznik V.
Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)
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2010
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issue 1
88-106
EN
Four periods of development of sociological interpretations of the legitimation phenomenon are differentiated: 1) 'primordium' - initial application of the concept of legitimation (M.Weber, W.Zombart, G.Zimmel); 2) 'theses' - development of the concept of legitimation within the framework of T.Parsons' version of the structural functionalism; 3) 'antitheses' - refutation of the previous 'theses' in connection with its supposed fallibility (Mills Ch., Gouldner A., Dahrendorf R., Berger P., Luckmann T., et al.); 4) 'syntheses' - attempts to overcome intentional contradictions between 'theses' and 'antitheses', that is: theoretical dilemmas of consensus/conflict, structure/action, micro/micro-level of analysis (Luhman N., Eisenstadt S., Blau P., Habermas J., Bourdieu P., Giddens A., et al.). Legitimation as such is defined as: a) social-psychological process which involves changes of legitimacy in time; b) purposeful activity of the legitimacy creation and its development. The generalized typology of legitimation is offered; it includes such forms of the latter as religious, cultural, social, economical, political, intellectual, law, communicative, and situational legitimation. The proto-sociological ideas fruitful in constructing the concept of private property legitimation are considered, as well as those of classic and modern theoretical sociology.
9

THE CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS AS THE METHOD OF CONCEPTIVE SCIENCE (ON MATERIAL OF THE CONCEPT 'LIFE' IN THE UKRAINIAN PHRASEOLOGY) (Kontseptual'nyi analiz yak metod kontseptyvistyky (na materiali kontseptu ZHITTYA v ukrayins'kij frazemitsi))

88%
Krasnobaeva-Chorna Z. V.
Ukrayinska mova (Ukrainian Language)
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2009
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issue 1(30)
41-52
EN
The article is the sequential of the authoress' series of publications on theoretical and practical problems of the conceptive science. The conceptual analyses of concept LIFE, presented by the Ukrainian phrasems have been given in the work. Covert and pronounced descriptions of concept LIFE, i.e. its national-cultural specificity is determined.
10

NATIONAL STEREOTYPES IN HUNGARIAN AND POLISH PROVERBS AND PHRASEOLOGISMS

88%
Banczerowski J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
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2007
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vol. 131
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issue 1
76-87
EN
Due to the integration and globalization processes currently taking place in the world, the problem of intercultural communication commands interest to an increasing extent today. The perspective of a united Europe and the related requirement of a possibly conflict-free establishment of tolerance-based relationships among people make it necessary for us to learn more about the complex issues of the functioning of cultural systems, including the reasons of the emergence and spread of stereotypes, pre- and postjudices. The author gives a brief survey of cognitive and psychological/social functions of stereotypes and points out that they are in a close relationship with the categorization and conceptualization of extralinguistic pieces of information. Those two processes are based on a natural ambition of cultural communities, as well as social and ethnic groups, the aim of which is to keep and assert their own values, habits, world view, mentality, cultural specificity, and national identity. Among other ways, these aims tend to be achieved by seeing other nations in a xenophobic perspective. The author discusses this issue using the material of Hungarian and Polish proverbs and phraseo­logical units. Stereotypes are an integral part of one's linguistic world view, a special way of seeing the world through a linguistic and cultural prism.
11

Modelowanie znaczenia w tekście poetyckim, czyli o konceptualizacji przeszłości w liryce Adama Asnyka

88%
Sokólska U., Juszkiewicz A.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
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2013
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issue 13
315-332
EN
The article attempts at capturing a linguistic image of the past in A. Asnyk’s texts and presenting symbolic relations between the abstract meaning and the attributes ascribed to it. The author analyzed not only the metaphors containing the lexeme past but also any synonymic notions, periphrases, phrases and terms referring to olden days. On this basis, several models of the past have been distinguished (the past is a living creature, the past is a plant, the past are different kinds of objects and containers, the past is a natural element, the past is nothingness, death and destruction, the past is a memory, the past is a herald of the future) under the condition that the applied divisions are therefore relative due to elusiveness of the described phenomenon. In reality, the past is never perceived, and therefore it cannot be conceptualized univocally.
12
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Teorie terminologie a kognitivní lingvistika: k pojetí kategorizace, definice a nominace

75%
Bozdechova I.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2010
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vol. 71
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issue 3
163-175
EN
The aim of this paper is to outline, comment upon and illustrate some new subjects (prototypicality, cognitive models, etc.) which cognitive linguistics offers to the traditional theory of terminology and to the semantic analysis of specialized terms. The paper therefore deals with questions such as: What significance does cognitive information (reflecting a naive, non-specialized view of the world) have for terms? How can such information be used in the study of categorization and conceptualization of the contents of terms? By making use of findings from both traditional lexicology and semantics and from the cognitive sciences, and by using medical terminology as its material, the paper presents the processes of direct and indirect nomination as they relate to terminologization and determinologization. A selection of terms and names relating to the human body, its parts and organs and to human health or diseases is used to confront the scientific and cognitive approaches. The theoretical starting point, concerning the task of corporeality in human cognition, is applied in the analysis of the different kinds of reflection of cognition in medical terminology. The processes of categorization and nominalization of objective reality are also considered as they are reflected in the onomasiological structures of terms.
13
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Konceptualizace bolesti v polštině: příspěvek ke srovnávacímu výzkumu

75%
Waszakowa K.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2010
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vol. 71
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issue 4
298-309
EN
The paper presents the picture of pain in Polish, as represented by numerous expressions figuring the lexeme bol 'pain'. The expressions were documented either in dictionaries of Polish or in the PWN Corpus of Polish. The main focus is on conceptual metonymies and metaphors used by speakers and writers of Polish to think and talk about pain. It discusses the way they understand experiencing pain, what conceptual schemata and comparisons they invoke. Experiencing physical pain is shown according to the following profiles: 1) the pain itself as a process; 2) pain as a subject-phenomenon; 3) the feeling of pain by the subject-experiencer; 3) the localization of the pain; 4) the actions undertaken by the subject-experiencer to alleviate or eliminate pain; 6) the means used by the subject-experiencer to alleviate and/or eliminate pain. The final part of the paper discusses perspectives on contrastive research which include both a detailed analysis of lexemes pertaining to the semantic field of 'pain' in different languages and the comparison of the ways in which the pain is conceptualized in the languages analyzed.
14

Definicja kognitywna terminów „tabloid” i „tabloidyzacja”. O pułapkach różnorodnych znaczeń

75%
Skowronek B.
Oblicza Komunikacji
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2010
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vol. 3
23-36
EN
In my article I show how phrases “tabloid” and “tabloidization” are defined by Polish students and clerks. In surveyed groups’ definitions we can see their unambigiously negative judging. They emphasized such aspects of tabloids as: telling not true and not important stories, fascination with celebrities, creating scandals, big photos and headlines, simplicity of language and characteristic group of readers: uneducated and common people. Paradoxically, this type of defining is close to a model of world created by tabloids: based on division “we–they”, unambiguous judging, simplifying and stereotypization.
15

WHY IS THERE NO RULE WITHOUT AN EXCEPTION? COGNITIVE REFLECTION ON WORD FORMATION IN SPANISH (Por qué no hay regla sin excepción? una reflexión cognitiva sobre la formación de palabras en espanol)

63%
Wilk-Racieska J.
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
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2010
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vol. 57
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issue 2
211-216
EN
The aim of this article is to sketch differences between the conceptualizations of the elements of reality inside the same linguistic community. the authoress' thesis is based on the conviction that all 'regional' linguistic systems grew out of some basic philosophical and cultural systems, but, from the other hand, regional linguistic systems have developed their own rules, founded on their own visions of the world resulting from different regional perspectives. The two types of rules have been overlapped and idiomatic regional systems have been formed. This article shows that the analysis of the formation of nouns in Spanish depends on a particular regional vision of the world, but the overlapped rules have to be taken into account in this analysis.
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