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  1. 1 Ochrona Zabytków

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  1. 1 2007

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  1. 1 Kaczorowska M. K.

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PARK KULTUROWY JAKO FORMA OCHRONY ZESPOŁÓW URBANISTYCZNYCH KRAKÓW-ZWIERZYNIEC*

100%
Kaczorowska M. K.
Ochrona Zabytków
|
2007
|
issue 1
101-116
EN
The Zwierzyniec Cultural Park (1 100 hectares) is part of the most important fragment of the natural system of Cracow. Together with Wolski Wood it constitutes a limestone horst within the fork of the rivers Vistula and Rudawa. Its range encompasses a number of historical monuments: monasteries and residences, fortifications and mounds built to commemorate Polish national heroes. The whole area is traditionally intended for leisure and fulfils important social functions. Its landscape and natural and cultural conditions create an outstanding spatial complex, essential for the preservation of the attraction of the town of Cracow (population 750 000). Spatial development plans are obligatory in the case of a cultural park. The Zwierzyniec Park has been divided into four planning units: St. Bronislawa II Hill, the Fort Skala II Region, Fort Olszanica and Wolski Wood. In the case of two of the areas - St. Bronislawa II Hill and the Fort Skala II Region - such plans had been devised already prior to the establishment of the park. The merits of these areas are the reason for strong investment pressure, and a high percentage of privately owned land creates a considerable problem. In order to justify the protection projects they are accompanied by detailed conditions, supported by the opinions of researchers, the authors of specialist studies. The plans acknowledged the priority status of the maintenance of the natural environment and landscape while integrating the protection of the former and the cultural environment. Protection is to include the vista connections between the areas encompassed by the plans and the sites of their perception from other parts of town. A boundary between built-up areas and those free of buildings has been demarcated. Principles for protecting formal and historical values have been established together with methods of their use for contemporary functions. The plans render possible the development of multi-generation leisure and entertainment: the preserved elements of the Cracow fort have been included into the municipal system of green areas. Emphasis must be placed on the positive role played by the representatives of the local community as well as the ecological and civic organizations backing the planning process. The Grand Prix awarded at the VI edition of a Competition held by European Council of Town Planners (ECTP) 2006 for a project intended for St. Bronislawa Hill confirms the correctness of the resolutions accepted by the self-government of Cracow.
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